{"id":2858,"date":"2014-08-04T22:37:09","date_gmt":"2014-08-04T22:37:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=2858"},"modified":"2014-08-04T22:37:09","modified_gmt":"2014-08-04T22:37:09","slug":"prof-just-krec-reci-a-rec-kreci-aneb-jakes-avantgardistou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=2858","title":{"rendered":"prof. Just: K\u0159e\u010d \u0159e\u010di a \u0159e\u010d k\u0159e\u010di aneb Jake\u0161 avantgardistou"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek nevy\u0161el, pokud v\u00edm, v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch novin\u00e1ch, pouze na autorov\u011b blogu<\/a>. Pova\u017eujeme jej za z\u00e1sadn\u00ed a p\u0159etiskujeme jej v pln\u00e9m textu.<\/p>\n

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(Esej o zn\u00e1sil\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed slov a \u0161umavsk\u00e9m brouku v hlav\u011b)<\/p>\n

Motto:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201eV duchovn\u011b bankrot\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch se m\u00edsto n\u00e1zorov\u00e9 mince plat\u00ed pap\u00edrov\u00fdmi pen\u011bzi fr\u00e1ze\u2026 Jednou se t\u0159eba p\u0159ijde na to, jak nepatrnou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed byla takov\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0lidstvem, je\u017e se mrza\u010d\u00ed vlastn\u00edm tiskem, a \u017ee v\u00a0podstat\u011b byla vlastn\u011b jen jedn\u00edm z jeho d\u016fsledk\u016f\u2026 Jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee ud\u00e1losti se u\u017e v\u016fbec neodehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e \u017ee za n\u011b samo\u010dinn\u011b pracuj\u00ed kli\u0161\u00e9.\u201c (Karl Kraus, 1914).<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed to tak d\u00e1vno, co jsem se v\u00a0nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed historick\u00e9 literatu\u0159e setkal s\u00a0p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fdm poznatkem:\u00a0v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m z\u00a0dostupn\u00fdch titul\u016f seriozn\u00ed literatury o konci komunistick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu u n\u00e1s (od Sukova skv\u011bl\u00e9ho Labyrintu revoluce, <\/i>a\u017e po zevrubnou Chronologii z\u00e1niku komunistick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu v\u00a0\u010ceskoslovensku 1985 \u2013 1990<\/i>) <\/i>jsem kupodivu nenalezl to, co jsem p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal, \u017ee hned p\u0159i prv\u00e9m otev\u0159en\u00ed knihy \u2013 a hezky tu\u010dn\u011b vyti\u0161t\u011bno \u2013 najdu jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informaci. Toti\u017e, jak\u00e9koli bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fadaje, od p\u0159esn\u00e9ho data, m\u00edsta a\u017e po zhodnocen\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho spole\u010densk\u00e9ho dopadu, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se pam\u00e1tn\u00e9ho Jake\u0161ova proslovu na \u010cerven\u00e9m Hr\u00e1dku ze 17. 7.1989. Pova\u017euji tento proslov, jeho\u017e podvratn\u00fdm obsahem (\u201einformatickou bombou\u201c) nebyla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 p\u0159evratn\u00e1 \u010di supertajn\u00e1 informace, n\u00fdbr\u017e \u0159e\u010d sama<\/b>, za jeden z\u00a0podstatn\u00fdch \u00fader\u016f, pod n\u00edm\u017e se onoho osudn\u00e9ho roku totalitn\u00ed re\u017eim za\u010dal viklat v\u00a0samotn\u00fdch z\u00e1kladech, a\u017e se o p\u00e1r m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f pozd\u011bji pod dal\u0161\u00edmi ji\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi \u00fadery slo\u017eil p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b rychle jako dome\u010dek z\u00a0karet. U\u017e Heydrich (a po n\u011bm t\u0159eba Ec\u016fv slep\u00fd Jorge ve Jm\u00e9nu r\u016f\u017ee<\/i>) v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee autoritu \u017eiv\u00ed strach, a ni\u010d\u00ed sm\u00edch. Moc, podemlet\u00e1 sm\u00edchem (sm\u00edchem nikoli potuteln\u00fdm, utajen\u00fdm doma pod duchnou, ale ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm, \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00edm se d\u00edky audio- i video-nahr\u00e1vce lavinovit\u011b po republice), se st\u00e1v\u00e1 ze dne na den bezmocnou a jej\u00ed p\u00e1d b\u00fdv\u00e1 pak jen ot\u00e1zkou \u010dasu. Jak se v\u0161ak zd\u00e1, historici dosud v\u00fdznam t\u00e9to bizarn\u00ed sm\u00edchov\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti a\u017e na v\u00fdjimky nezaznamenali, a kdy\u017e, tak ji pova\u017euj\u00ed nanejv\u00fd\u0161 jen za jak\u00e9si anekdotick\u00e9\u00a0 intermezzo, nijak podstatn\u00e9 pro dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj. Oni i dal\u0161\u00ed humanitn\u00ed, spole\u010denskov\u011bdn\u00ed a um\u011bnov\u011bdn\u00ed badatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed obecn\u011b sklon podce\u0148ovat fenom\u00e9n \u0159e\u010di, \u201ejazyka doby\u201c, a to u\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 let\u00a0 (navzdory varovn\u00fdm hlas\u016fm t\u0159\u00ed velk\u00fdch Karl\u016f – Krause, \u010capka a Pol\u00e1\u010dka). Nevid\u00ed a nesly\u0161\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0Jake\u0161ov\u011b \u0159e\u010di (nejen v\u00a0jej\u00ed verb\u00e1ln\u00ed, ale i v\u00a0jej\u00ed origin\u00e1ln\u00ed mimick\u00e9 a\u00a0 hlasov\u00e9 rovin\u011b) to podstatn\u00e9: \u017ee de facto informuje jen sama o sob\u011b a nikoli o sv\u011bt\u011b (jak se py\u0161n\u011b domn\u00edv\u00e1). Unik\u00e1 jim, \u017ee tato dokonal\u00e1, krystalicky \u010dist\u00e1 \u201e\u0159e\u010d re\u017eimu\u201c usv\u011bd\u010duje l\u00e9pe ne\u017e sebebrilantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdzy podstatu tehdej\u0161\u00edho \u201ere\u017eimu \u0159e\u010di\u201c. Re\u017eim, kter\u00fd odvozoval svou legitimitu od Marxe, Hegela a dal\u0161\u00edch filosof\u016f, vyprodukoval u n\u00e1s ve fin\u00e1le Jake\u0161e a jeho \u0159e\u010d: to nebyla \u0159e\u010d, to byla k\u0159e\u010d re\u017eimu. Sebelep\u0161\u00ed satirik by v\u00a0geni\u00e1ln\u00ed zkratce nevyj\u00e1d\u0159il obraz degenerace a nevyhnuteln\u00e9ho krachu syst\u00e9mu dokonaleji, ne\u017e to v\u00a0\u010dervenci 1989 u\u010dinil mu\u017e na \u0161pici tohoto syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

\u00a0CO M\u00c1 SPOLE\u010cN\u00c9HO MILO\u0160 JAKE\u0160 A MARCEL DUCHAMP?<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je p\u0159itom jedna okolnost: proslov nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho mu\u017ee v\u00a0zemi byl \u0161\u0165astnou indiskrec\u00ed vyta\u017een\u00fd z\u00a0navykl\u00e9ho vn\u00edmac\u00edho kontextu, toti\u017e z\u00a0kontextu nudn\u00e9ho, rutinn\u00edho ritu\u00e1lu uzav\u0159en\u00e9ho zased\u00e1n\u00ed jak\u00e9si z\u00e1pado\u010desk\u00e9 partajn\u00ed organizace \u2013 zased\u00e1n\u00ed, jak\u00fdch byly v\u00a0t\u011bch letech stovky a tis\u00edce. Na unaven\u00fdch tv\u00e1\u0159\u00edch poslucha\u010d\u016f z videonahr\u00e1vky, automaticky si zapisuj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdroky \u0159e\u010dn\u00edkovy \u2013 nebo p\u0159edst\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edch, \u017ee si je zapisuj\u00ed – , skute\u010dn\u011b nenajdeme ani stopy n\u011bjak\u00e9ho \u00fadivu, p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed, \u0161oku, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 o\u010di v\u00a0sloup, kroucen\u00ed hlavou \u010di zdvi\u017een\u00e1 obo\u010d\u00ed, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b pak sebemen\u0161\u00ed stopov\u00e9 prvky jak\u00e9hokoli sm\u00edchu \u010di jen ironick\u00e9ho \u00fasm\u011bvu: takov\u00fdch sch\u016fz\u00ed i takov\u00fdch fr\u00e1z\u00ed za\u017eili tito poradami uondan\u00ed apar\u00e1tn\u00edci u\u017e asi bezpo\u010det (neshled\u00e1vali o\u010dividn\u011b na \u0159e\u010dn\u00edkov\u00fdch fr\u00e1z\u00edch ani intonac\u00edch nic nep\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9ho, vyrostli uprost\u0159ed nich, \u017eili v\u00a0nich a z\u00a0nich, byly jejich pracovn\u00edm k\u00f3dem a oni sami byli nejen moment\u00e1ln\u00edmi nositeli, ale i ment\u00e1ln\u00edmi plody t\u011bchto fr\u00e1z\u00ed). Mohli si \u0159\u00edkat, kdyby byli obda\u0159eni ironi\u00ed a kritick\u00fdm my\u0161len\u00edm (nic na sv\u011bt\u011b jim nebylo vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed), \u00a0spolu s\u00a0Karlem Krausem: \u201eV posti\u017een\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010din siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e slovo, ale siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u010din b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u017ev\u00e1st. \u017dijeme ze \u017ev\u00e1stu a v\u00a0tomhle zvr\u00e1cen\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b ozv\u011bna bud\u00ed vol\u00e1n\u00ed\u2026\u201c<\/p>\n

Suma sum\u00e1rum: zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 vyta\u017een\u00ed jednoho ban\u00e1ln\u00edho, trivi\u00e1ln\u00edho proslovu v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b 1989 z\u00a0ban\u00e1ln\u00edho, trivi\u00e1ln\u00edho referen\u010dn\u00edho r\u00e1mce do nov\u00e9ho vn\u00edmatelsk\u00e9ho kontextu, j\u00edm\u017e bylo nestranick\u00e9, a tud\u00ed\u017e i kritick\u00e9 auditorium \u010desk\u00fdch a sv\u011btov\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed, bylo v\u00a0politick\u00e9m smyslu stejn\u011b revolu\u010dn\u00edm \u010dinem jako v\u00a0um\u011bleck\u00e9 rovin\u011b d\u00e1vn\u00e9 vyta\u017een\u00ed legend\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1chodov\u00e9 m\u00edsy Marcela Duchampa, p\u0159enesen\u00e9 t\u00edmto avantgardistou z\u00a0kontextu piso\u00e1ru do kontextu vzne\u0161en\u00e9 v\u00fdstavn\u00ed s\u00edn\u011b. Mezi piso\u00e1rem a partajn\u00ed sch\u016fz\u00ed nen\u00ed v\u00a0tomto smyslu a\u017e tak velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl. Jake\u0161ovy fr\u00e1ze a intonace byly v\u00a0partajn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed jejich u\u017eivateli p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1ny se stejnou samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed, jako je p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1na z\u00e1chodov\u00e1 mu\u0161le u\u017eivateli piso\u00e1ru. Proto tomu, kdo m\u00e1 tuto z\u00e1m\u011bnu kontextu na sv\u011bdom\u00ed, kdo m\u011bl ten sp\u00e1sn\u00fd n\u00e1pad intern\u00ed nahr\u00e1vku vypustit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm demokazet do sv\u011bta, pat\u0159\u00ed stejn\u00fd vav\u0159\u00edn, jako Marcelu Duchampovi.<\/p>\n

Nebo\u0165 i pro Jake\u0161ovu \u0159e\u010d, je\u017e svou nenapodobitelnou stylistikou, lexikem, syntax\u00ed a intonacemi vypov\u00edd\u00e1 sama o sob\u011b, plat\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011br filosofa Martina Heideggera: \u201e\u010clov\u011bk se tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, jako by byl tv\u016frcem \u0159e\u010di, zat\u00edmco je to p\u0159ece ona, kter\u00e1 vl\u00e1dne \u010dlov\u011bku\u2026 \u0159e\u010d je to prvn\u00ed a nakonec i to posledn\u00ed, co n\u00e1m sv\u00fdm pokynem p\u0159ibli\u017euje bytnost v\u011bci.\u201c (B\u00e1snicky bydl\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk).<\/i> To ne Jake\u0161 apar\u00e1tnickou \u0159e\u010d, ale apar\u00e1tnick\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d Jake\u0161e uhn\u011btla k\u00a0obrazu sv\u00e9mu. Bytnost v\u011bci \u2013 v\u00a0dan\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b komunistick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu a jeho bytostn\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed jako lhan\u00ed, jako n\u00e1vodu k\u00a0\u017eivotu ve l\u017ei a v manipulaci (\u201eTo vy mus\u00edte ps\u00e1t na ten \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdbor, aby my jsme pak mohli \u0159\u00edct, pod\u00edvejte se, to ne my, to lid si to \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1, lid to chce!.. A ne nechat ten sv\u016fj \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdbor ve \u0161tychu\u2026\u201c) \u2013 byla touto \u0159e\u010d\u00ed beze zbytku odhalena, a to skalpelov\u011b \u010dist\u00fdm, obecn\u011b srozumiteln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Zp\u016fsobem, k\u00a0n\u011bmu\u017e nebylo t\u0159eba dod\u00e1vat jedin\u00e9 slovo koment\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Z\u00c1PASY O RE\u017dIM \u0158E\u010cI<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010cty\u0159icet let p\u0159edt\u00edm tent\u00fd\u017e re\u017eim v\u00a0inscenovan\u00fdch procesech \u2013 je\u0161t\u011b neunaven\u00fd, \u010derstv\u00fd, p\u0159i s\u00edle a hlavn\u011b co do lidsk\u00e9 krve p\u0159i chuti –\u00a0 s\u00e1m sebe usv\u011bd\u010doval jinou \u0159e\u010d\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di. Komunistick\u00e1 (novo)\u0159e\u010d pades\u00e1t\u00fdch let navenek odhalovala \u2013 op\u011bt nejen militantn\u00edm lexikem a syntax\u00ed, ale i savonarolovsk\u00fdmi intonacemi – vlastizr\u00e1dce a \u0161piony, ve skute\u010dnosti \u0159e\u010d t\u00e9to \u0159e\u010di odhalovala op\u011bt sama sebe, tj. v\u00e1lkychtivost a od A do Z\u00a0inscenovanost cel\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti:\u00a0 \u201eVy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je v\u00a0podstat\u011b skon\u010deno a je mo\u017eno p\u0159istoupit k\u00a0inscenaci ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho procesu\u201c, prav\u00ed se ve Zpr\u00e1v\u011b St\u00e1tn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti o stavu vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0 <\/i>pro bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed komisi \u00daV KS\u010c (23.3.1950)\u00a0 A samotn\u00fd monstrproces s\u00a0Miladou Hor\u00e1kovou je mo\u017eno ze semiotick\u00e9ho hlediska ch\u00e1pat jako neust\u00e1le prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1pas dvou re\u017eim\u016f \u0159e\u010di: c\u00edlem toho \u201eprvn\u00edho\u201c (a tomu byly pod\u0159\u00edzeny ve\u0161ker\u00e9 prost\u0159edky, od mu\u010den\u00ed a ml\u00e1cen\u00ed a\u017e po drogy a soustavn\u00e9 zabra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed sp\u00e1nku) nebylo nic jin\u00e9ho, ne\u017e vecpat \u010di chcete-li n\u00e1siln\u011b p\u0159elo\u017eit ten \u201edruh\u00fd\u201c jazyk, toti\u017e p\u0159irozen\u00fd jazyk lidsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti, do toho \u201eprvn\u00edho\u201c, toti\u017e do jazyka v\u00e1lky, jeho\u017e prvn\u00edm n\u00e1padn\u00fdm znakem je u Stalina jako u Hitlera nejen nadu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, ale p\u0159\u00edmo orwellovsk\u00e9 zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed slova \u201em\u00edr\u201c. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, jde o p\u0159eklad do vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00e9ho jazyka totalitn\u00ed moci. Jakoby v\u00a0procesech o nic jin\u00e9ho, ne\u017e o nau\u010den\u00ed a osvojen\u00ed si ciz\u00ed \u0159e\u010di, nakonec ne\u0161lo. \u00a0Vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d totalitn\u00ed moci<\/b> (\u201epretext\u201c) si od po\u010d\u00e1tku \u010dinila absolutn\u00ed n\u00e1rok na popis sv\u011bta, tj. na \u201euniverz\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u010d\u201c doby, chystaj\u00edc\u00ed se k v\u00e1lce. Tato militantn\u00ed \u0159e\u010d, \u00a0jej\u00edm\u017e slovn\u00edkem byla i nesourod\u011b slepen\u00e1 skupina kolem Milady Hor\u00e1kov\u00e9 ozna\u010dena jako \u201ez\u00e1\u0161kodnick\u00e1\u201c a jej\u00ed \u010dinnost pojmenov\u00e1na jako \u201ez\u00e1\u0161kodnick\u00e9 spiknut\u00ed\u201c a \u201ep\u00e1t\u00e1 kolona\u201c, je osm m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po zp\u016fsobu drastick\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 v\u00fduky doslova vtlouk\u00e1na do hlav adept\u016f, je dennodenn\u011b biflov\u00e1na na cel\u00e1ch a jej\u00ed znalost je nov\u00fdmi a nov\u00fdmi jazykov\u00fdmi \u201ecvi\u010den\u00edmi\u201c neust\u00e1le p\u0159ezku\u0161ov\u00e1na. Sebenevinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozmluva s\u00a0cizincem p\u0159ed d\u00e1vn\u00fdmi lety p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1 se tu jako \u201evejit\u00ed ve styk s\u00a0nep\u0159\u00e1telskou osobou\u201c, ka\u017ed\u00e9 kritick\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed \u010di kritick\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va k\u00a0\u010demukoli jsou ozna\u010deny za pokus o \u201e\u0161pion\u00e1\u017e\u201c, \u201evytvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u00e1t\u00e9 kolony\u201c a \u201ep\u0159\u00edpravu v\u00e1lky\u201c. Podle stupn\u011b dovednosti osvojit si tento nov\u00fd ciz\u00ed jazyk, tuto \u201enovo\u0159e\u010d\u201c, je ob\u011btem (na m\u00e1lo \u010dem se p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00ed shodnou jako na tomto konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed) slibov\u00e1na odm\u011bna nikoli v\u00a0podob\u011b z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 st\u00e1tnice, ale v\u00a0podob\u011b \u017eivota. Proti t\u00e9to \u0159e\u010di totalitn\u00ed moci st\u00e1la v\u0161ak zoufal\u00e1 snaha o uchov\u00e1n\u00ed zbytk\u016f p\u0159irozen\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di: <\/b>jazyka, jen\u017e trv\u00e1 na pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed v jejich p\u016fvodn\u00edch, ideologicky nepokroucen\u00fdch v\u00fdznamech a lidsky zti\u0161en\u00fdch intonac\u00edch, je\u017e odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm hovorov\u00fdm, nikoli l\u00e1grov\u00fdm intonac\u00edm p\u0159ed nastoupenou jednotkou. Zbytky t\u00e9to p\u0159irozen\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di jsou velmi dob\u0159e patrn\u00e9 z\u00a0filmov\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamu procesu \u2013 jsou to toti\u017e ty v\u011bty a formulace, je\u017e byly ve vydan\u00fdch protokolech nemilosrdn\u011b m\u00fdceny. (Ob\u017ealovan\u00fd Josef Nest\u00e1val na filmov\u00e9m z\u00e1znamu: \u201eC\u00edt\u00edm se vinen jenom v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech ob\u017ealoby, v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech bych cht\u011bl svou vinu osv\u011btlit\u2026\u201c Protokoly: \u201eC\u00edt\u00edm se vinen podle platn\u00e9ho zn\u011bn\u00ed ob\u017ealoby\u201c).<\/p>\n

Milimetrovou bitvu o jazyk \u2013 p\u0159esn\u011bji: bitvu o charakter \u0159e\u010di dan\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di\u00a0 – lze sledovat t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho v\u00fdslechu ob\u017ealovan\u00fdch:<\/p>\n

Urv\u00e1lek<\/b>: \u201eByl to, pan\u00ed ob\u017ealovan\u00e1, program protilidov\u00fd?\u201c<\/p>\n

Hor\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/b>: (vr\u00e1t\u00ed se i zti\u0161enou intonac\u00ed do re\u017eimu sv\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di) \u201eByl to ten program, kter\u00fd byl v\u00a0r\u00e1mci socializuj\u00edc\u00ed demokracie\u2026 \u201e<\/p>\n

Urv\u00e1lek<\/b>: (\u0159ve) \u201ePo\u010dkejte! Nechte socializuj\u00edc\u00ed demogracii, a j\u00e1 se v\u00e1s pt\u00e1m, jestli to byl program proti lidu, proti jeho z\u00e1jm\u016fm a nebo ne! A pros\u00edm, te\u010f m\u016f\u017eete \u0159\u00edct bu\u010f ano nebo ne!\u201c<\/p>\n

Hor\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/b>: (ti\u0161e) \u201eByl to program proti p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9mu uplatn\u011bn\u00ed socialistick\u00e9 linie, bezv\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9mu uplatn\u011bn\u00ed socialistick\u00e9 linie\u2026\u201c<\/p>\n

Trud\u00e1k<\/b>: \u201eHospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy \u2013 k\u00a0\u010demu to m\u011blo slou\u017eit?\u201c<\/p>\n

Hor\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/b>: \u201eJednak k\u00a0jejich informaci, jist\u011b, osobn\u00ed, a jednak k\u00a0tomu, aby se stali hodnotn\u00fdmi inform\u00e1tory\u2026\u201c<\/p>\n

Trud\u00e1k<\/b>: \u00a0(okam\u017eit\u011b si to p\u0159elo\u017e\u00ed do sv\u00e9ho jazyka) \u201eVy tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1te infom\u00e1tory, my tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me \u0161piony\u2026\u201c<\/p>\n

P\u0159edseda sen\u00e1tu je v\u00a0tomto sm\u011bru jak\u00fdsi vrchn\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed jazykov\u00e9 \u0161koly. Zabo\u0159en do sv\u00e9ho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e (\u201epretextu\u201c), co chv\u00edli ob\u017ealovan\u00e9 napom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee po\u0159\u00e1d je\u0161t\u011b mluv\u00ed sv\u00fdm, a ne jeho jazykem a vrac\u00ed jejich v\u00fdvody zp\u011bt rozmrzel\u00fdmi v\u011btami jako \u201ePan\u00ed ob\u017ealovan\u00e1, mn\u011b nejde o to, abyste mi tu l\u00ed\u010dila skute\u010dnosti\u2026\u201c \u201eNo tak, to by bylo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ob\u0161\u00edrn\u00e9\u2026\u201c, \u201eK tomu se je\u0161t\u011b dostaneme, j\u00e1 ale te\u010f chci od v\u00e1s sly\u0161et\u201c. Kdy\u017e u\u017e nev\u00ed co s\u00a0nedisciplinovan\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1kem jazykov\u00e9 \u0161koly, ujede mu: \u201eVy to po\u0159\u00e1d n\u011bjak formulujete\u2026\u201c<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0tomto tak\u0159ka neznateln\u00e9m, milimetrov\u00e9m z\u00e1pase ob\u017ealovan\u00fdch o uchov\u00e1n\u00ed si zbytk\u016f autentick\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di tkv\u00ed skryt\u00fd heroismus t\u011bchto d\u00e1vn\u00fdch proces\u016f (tento z\u00e1pas o \u0159e\u010d \u0159e\u010di v\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch inscenovan\u00fdch procesech s\u00a0komunistick\u00fdmi funkcion\u00e1\u0159i typu Sl\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho u\u017e tak\u0159ka nezaznamen\u00e1me, extempore mimo \u201epretext\u201c jsou naprostou v\u00fdjimkou, a v\u0161ichni, ob\u017ealoba, obhajoba i ob\u017ealovan\u00ed jakoby u\u017e mluvili jedn\u00edm jedin\u00fdm univerz\u00e1ln\u00edm jazykem z\u00a0pera jednoho \u201eautora\u201c: \u0159e\u010d se u\u017e li\u0161\u00ed pouze intonacemi, u\u00a0 ob\u017ealovan\u00fdch z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed jakoby kaj\u00edcn\u011b zkrou\u0161en\u00e9, u prokur\u00e1tor\u016f a soudc\u016f vystup\u0148ovan\u011b, a\u017e extaticky militantn\u00ed). V\u00a0marn\u00e9m z\u00e1pase o lidsk\u00fd charakter \u0159e\u010di m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt i skryt\u00fd, ale o to urputn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1pas v\u011bt\u0161iny ob\u017ealovan\u00fdch o uchov\u00e1n\u00ed si zbytk\u016f\u00a0 poni\u017eovan\u00e9ho a stra\u0161liv\u00fdm utrpen\u00edm degradovan\u00e9ho lidstv\u00ed. Z\u00e1pas, kter\u00fd i v\u00a0rovin\u011b \u0159e\u010di, definitivn\u011b vymknut\u00e9 z\u00a0p\u0159edem dan\u00e9ho \u201epretextu\u201c, p\u0159\u00edmo vzorov\u011b vrchol\u00ed v\u00fdslovn\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm hlavn\u00ed ob\u017ealovan\u00e9 k\u00a0\u201eide\u00e1l\u016fm Masarykov\u00fdm a Bene\u0161ov\u00fdm\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0160UMAVA: BROUCI V HLAV\u011a<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prav\u00e9 interpreta\u010dn\u00ed orgie a semiotick\u00e9 tance m\u016f\u017eeme za\u017e\u00edt i v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00fdch \u0159e\u010dov\u00fdch projevech. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy o \u201e\u0159e\u010d \u0159e\u010di\u201c \u00a0se vztahuj\u00ed k\u00a0minulosti: u\u017e nejm\u00e9n\u011b dvacet let se ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m diskursu \u010desk\u00e9m, n\u011bmeck\u00e9m i rakousk\u00e9m vede urputn\u00fd z\u00e1pas o jedno slovo, o souhrnn\u00e9 pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho vys\u00eddlen\u00ed \u201ena\u0161ich N\u011bmc\u016f\u201c (term\u00edn \u201esudetsk\u00fdch\u201c\u00a0 \u2013 vzhledem nap\u0159\u00edklad k\u00a0po\u010detn\u00fdm a pat\u0159i\u010dn\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdm N\u011bmc\u016fm brn\u011bnsk\u00fdm, nehled\u011b na N\u011bmce karpatsk\u00e9\u00a0 \u2013 se mi jaksi vzp\u00edr\u00e1\u00a0 pod rukama).\u00a0 Na centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0160umav\u011b, t\u011bsn\u011b u bavorsk\u00fdch hranic, le\u017e\u00ed na hol\u00e9 planin\u011b \u2013 kdysi kvetouc\u00ed obci s\u00a0n\u011bkolika hospodami, po\u0161tou, \u0161kolou, kostelem a mnoha stovkami obyvatel \u2013 obnoven\u00fd h\u0159bitov a nam\u00edsto barbarsky zni\u010den\u00e9ho novogotick\u00e9ho kostela (srpen 1956) se tu ml\u010dky ty\u010d\u00ed k\u00a0nebes\u016fm pouze \u201e\u017ealuj\u00edc\u00ed\u201c k\u0159\u00ed\u017e. U paty k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee byl n\u011bmeck\u00fd n\u00e1pis, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e bylo slovo \u201eVertreibung\u201c (= vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed), na bl\u00edzk\u00e9 ceduli N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku, rekapituluj\u00edc\u00ed d\u011bjiny m\u00edsta a jeho obyvatel, jsem \u010detl naopak \u010desk\u00e9 \u201evyhn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c: ob\u011b slova byla jako jedin\u00e1 z\u00a0n\u00e1pis\u016f n\u011b\u010d\u00ed rukou soustavn\u011b vy\u0161krab\u00e1v\u00e1na. S\u00a0pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed, hrani\u010d\u00edc\u00ed s\u00a0jistotou, lze soudit, \u017ee v\u00a0prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u0161krabe ruka \u010desk\u00e1, ve druh\u00e9m \u0161krabe bavorsk\u00e1. O kousek d\u00e1l, u h\u0159bitova, v\u0161ak \u010desk\u00e1 n\u00e1paditost vyv\u011bsila\u00a0 na t\u0159et\u00ed ceduli kone\u010dn\u011b b\u00edl\u00fd prapor sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed: u letopo\u010dtu 1945\/46 je tam dialekticky uvedeno \u201evyhn\u00e1ni do odsunu\u201c. A je po bitv\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nikoli v\u0161ak po v\u00e1lce. Nejde toti\u017e jen o jednu zapadlou \u0161umavskou ves, pou\u017eil jsem ji jako model p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9ho kolbi\u0161t\u011b. Jak zn\u00e1mo, vede se, mezi historiky i politiky, tich\u00e1 v\u00e1lka slov = interpreta\u010dn\u00edch kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f nejen o \u201evyhn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c (obvykl\u00e9 n\u011bmeck\u00e9 pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed) a \u201eodsun\u201c (obvykl\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho a t\u00e9ho\u017e jevu), ale n\u011bkdy je tak\u00e9 ve h\u0159e i emotivn\u011b neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed, u\u017e od dob Winstona Churchilla mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd \u201etransfer\u201c. Nuancovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed historick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce (ne v\u0161ak politici a populist\u00e9 na obou stran\u00e1ch hranic) p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed alespo\u0148 pro prvou, neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed etapu \u201eodsunu\u201c, tj. od kv\u011btna 1945 do ledna 1946 i term\u00edn \u201evyhn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c a \u201eodsun\u201c \u010di \u201etransfer\u201c pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed a\u017e pro druhou, spo\u0159\u00e1danou etapu akce.\u00a0 Probl\u00e9m je v\u00a0tom, \u017ee prvn\u00ed term\u00edn, nepom\u011brn\u011b bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 realit\u011b, probl\u00e9m odkr\u00fdv\u00e1 i zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 z\u00e1rove\u0148: odkr\u00fdv\u00e1 jeho podstatu, ale v\u00a0jist\u00e9 zabetonovan\u00e9 uk\u0159ivd\u011bnosti vyhnanc\u016f zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 jeho bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu (n\u011bmeck\u00fd nacion\u00e1ln\u00ed socialismus, kter\u00fd si nejen s\u00a0vyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00edm, ale i s\u00a0pr\u016fmyslovou likvidac\u00ed cel\u00fdch skupin obyvatel v\u011bru ned\u011blal starosti). Druh\u00e9 dva term\u00edny\u00a0 jsou u\u017e jasn\u011b \u201evyvi\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed\u201c, neobsahuj\u00ed toti\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00ed a tedy pro u\u017eivatele tuzemsk\u00e9ho etnika, kter\u00e9 dan\u00fd akt prov\u00e1d\u011blo,\u00a0 jsou vysloven\u011b alibistick\u00e9 (\u0159e\u010d tu ov\u0161em op\u011bt \u0159e\u010dn\u00edka mimod\u011bk zrazuje: ten, kdo r\u00e1d pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u201eodsunu\u201c, podv\u011bdom\u011b jakoby cht\u011bl cel\u00fd probl\u00e9m i \u201eodsunout\u201c , vyt\u011bsnit do individu\u00e1ln\u00edho i kolektivn\u00edho nev\u011bdom\u00ed). \u00a0Oba v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch obl\u00edben\u00e9 term\u00edny jsou natolik eticky a hodnotov\u011b neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed, ba byrokraticky vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00e9, odcizen\u00e9, tj. neosobn\u011b zbaven\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9ho rozm\u011bru, \u017ee se k\u00a0nim mus\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1vat \u2013 aby se alespo\u0148 p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eily pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed reality \u2013 dal\u0161\u00ed adjektiva: \u201edivok\u00fd odsun\u201c, \u201en\u00e1siln\u00fd transfer\u201c atd. \u201eVyhn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c nic takov\u00e9ho nepot\u0159ebuje (paradoxem je, \u017ee tento u\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed obl\u00edben\u00fd term\u00edn na\u0161ich z\u00e1padn\u00edch a ji\u017en\u00edch soused\u016f do na\u0161eho \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9ho kontextu poprv\u00e9 nevnesli\u00a0 p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 sudeton\u011bmeck\u00e9ho, ale \u010desk\u00e9ho nacionalismu:\u00a0 Bene\u0161\u016fv tajemn\u00edk Prokop Drtina to byl, kdo jako prvn\u00ed u\u017e v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu kv\u011btna 1945 programov\u011b vyz\u00fdval k \u201evyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed<\/i>\u00a0 na\u0161ich N\u011bmc\u016f ihned, okam\u017eit\u011b, v\u0161emi zp\u016fsoby, p\u0159ed ni\u010d\u00edm se nesm\u00edme zastavit a zav\u00e1hat, ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0n\u00e1s mus\u00ed pomoci v\u00a0\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed <\/i>vlasti.\u201c<\/p>\n

Z\u016fsta\u0148me je\u0161t\u011b chv\u00edli na \u0160umav\u011b. Tamn\u00ed aktivista a n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edseda Svazu \u0161umavsk\u00fdch obc\u00ed Franti\u0161ek Nykles z\u0159ejm\u011b v\u016fbec netu\u0161\u00ed, jak ho v\u00a0jeho technokratick\u00e9m my\u0161len\u00ed \u0159e\u010d zrazuje, kdy\u017e se p\u0159ed lety p\u0159i slavnostn\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm aktu otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdstavy Pam\u011b\u0165 krajiny <\/i>na Kvild\u011b, pokusil rekapitulovat pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj t\u011bmito \u201evyvi\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edmi\u201c slovy: \u201eV d\u016fsledku nastal\u00e9 pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 situace do\u0161lo k\u00a0reorganizaci ostrahy hranic a k\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9mu vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch hrani\u010dn\u00edch p\u00e1sem, ke kter\u00fdch byli vyst\u011bhov\u00e1ni civilist\u00e9\u201c\u00a0 a \u201e\u2026stavebn\u00ed firmy vymaz\u00e1valy z\u00a0mapy pohrani\u010d\u00ed jednu obec a samotu za druhou, u\u0161et\u0159eny nez\u016fstaly ani kostely, h\u0159bitovy, kaple a ostatn\u00ed duchovn\u00ed a c\u00edrkevn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky.\u201c (Kvilda, \u010dervenec 2008). Z\u00a0t\u011bchto slov je u\u017e vin\u00edk p\u0159\u00edmo vzorov\u011b vyt\u011bsn\u011bn: to jsme nebyli my, na\u0161i funkcion\u00e1\u0159i, na\u0161i starostov\u00e9 a politruci (zaznamenal jsem, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00a0nich z\u00a0\u0159ad tehdej\u0161\u00edch d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f Pohrani\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee dokonce tehdy na Kvild\u011b Nyklesov\u011b \u0159e\u010di s\u00a0chut\u00ed zatleskali!), to jsme nebyli my, kte\u0159\u00ed likvidovali vesnice, vyhazovali kostely a h\u0159bitovy do pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed, a vedli v\u00a0zadr\u00e1tovan\u00e9 republice pomoc\u00ed vysok\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed, ps\u016f a kulomet\u016f v\u00e1lku proti vlastn\u00edmu obyvatelstvu. To v\u0161echno zavinila \u201epolitick\u00e1 situace\u201c (tu nelze p\u0159ece hn\u00e1t k\u00a0odpov\u011bdnosti, nelze ji soudit ani trestat) \u00a0a \u201estavebn\u00ed firmy\u201c (dtto)! \u0158e\u010d t\u00e9to \u0159e\u010di nevede logika pravdy ani gramatika, ale \u010dir\u00fd alibismus: nedefinuje se snahou pojmenovat, ale zakr\u00fdt.<\/p>\n

Nadeps\u00e1n\u00ed probl\u00e9mu je v\u017edy prvn\u00ed a v\u011bt\u0161inou nevratn\u00fd kr\u016f\u010dek \u0159e\u010di na cest\u011b k\u00a0ideologick\u00e9 manipulaci, a to zdaleka nejen ve vztahu k\u00a0minulosti. Z\u016fsta\u0148me je\u0161t\u011b pot\u0159et\u00ed a naposledy na \u0160umav\u011b. Zah\u00e1j\u00ed-li televizn\u00ed moder\u00e1tor \u0159e\u010d zd\u00e1nliv\u011b seriozn\u00ed v\u011btou, \u017ee \u201eNa \u0160umav\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 u\u017e 20 let spor o zp\u016fsob \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed k\u016frovcov\u00e9 kalamity<\/i>\u201c nebo je\u0161t\u011b odborn\u011bji \u201eExperti se p\u0159ou o to, jak nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bji likvidovat nebezpe\u010d\u00ed gradace l\u00fdko\u017erouta smrkov\u00e9ho<\/i>\u201c, pak u\u017e jen t\u00edmto fale\u0161n\u00fdm nadeps\u00e1n\u00edm je nastoupena cesta \u0159e\u010di na nevratnou verb\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdhybku, na jednu ze dvou slep\u00fdch kolej\u00ed. Touto v\u00fdhybkou se poda\u0159ilo za dvacet let vzbudit u \u010desk\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti nevym\u00fdtiteln\u00fd dojem, \u017ee hlavn\u00edm smyslem n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku je boj s\u00a0k\u016frovcem (t\u00edmto schizoidn\u00edm bludem netrp\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 civilizovan\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 \u010di americk\u00e9 zem\u011b). V\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jedeme po zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed koleji \u00favahy o standardn\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m lese, kde pojem \u201e\u0161k\u016fdce\u201c a \u201ekalamita\u201c m\u00e1 \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd smysl ne\u017e ve standardn\u00edm n\u00e1rodn\u00edm parku (jedin\u011b tam toti\u017e nen\u00ed brouk \u201ehroba\u0159em\u201c, ale \u201egynekologem\u201c nov\u00e9ho lesa, nebo\u0165 p\u0159edm\u011btem ochrany tu nen\u00ed d\u0159evo, ale p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed procesy). Cesta \u0159e\u010di po slep\u00e9 koleji pokra\u010duje dal\u0161\u00edmi zd\u00e1nliv\u011b korektn\u00edmi zast\u00e1vkami typu \u201espor je o tom, zda \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd lesy v\u00a0minulosti hospod\u00e1\u0159sky vyu\u017e\u00edval, jim m\u00e1 te\u010f podat pomocnou ruku<\/i> (tzv. aktivn\u00ed ochrana lesa) \u2013 nebo zda si\u00a0 p\u0159\u00edroda pom\u016f\u017ee sama<\/i>\u201c. U\u017e takov\u00e9to polo\u017een\u00ed ot\u00e1zky (v n\u00ed\u017e se \u0161ikovn\u011b schov\u00e1 fakt, \u017ee na konci \u00a0nezi\u0161tn\u00e9 pomocn\u00e9 ruky b\u00fdv\u00e1 motorov\u00e1 pila) dop\u0159edu p\u0159edj\u00edm\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f. Chceme p\u0159ece v\u0161ichni \u201ezelenou<\/i> \u0160umavu\u201c, nebo ne?! A tady u\u017e v\u00e1s m\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d tam, kde v\u00e1s chce m\u00edt, apeluje na va\u0161i \u00a0solidaritu se zelenou<\/i>\u00a0(nikoli uschlou, \u201e\u0161edivou\u201c) p\u0159\u00edrodou, ve skute\u010dnosti ov\u0161em zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 motiv zisku (le\u010d i zde \u201e\u0159e\u010d\u201c zrazuje mluv\u010d\u00edho: zaveden\u00e9, v\u00a0hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m lese logick\u00e9 term\u00edny typu \u201ep\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/i> d\u0159evn\u00ed hmoty\u201c, \u010di\u00a0k \u201ep\u0159\u00edrod\u011b \u0161etrn\u00e9\u201c tzv.\u00a0 \u201ep\u0159ibli\u017eovac\u00ed<\/i> mechanismy\u201c v\u00a0j\u00e1dru n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku nemaj\u00ed co pohled\u00e1vat. Nebo\u0165 podprahov\u011b nad\u0159azuj\u00ed hledisko \u010dlov\u011bka a jeho zisku hledisku p\u0159\u00edrody. Z\u00a0hlediska p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch proces\u016f jde v\u017edy o \u201evzdalov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c, \u201eochuzov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c a \u201ezcizov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c organick\u00e9 d\u0159evn\u00ed hmoty, nikdy o jej\u00ed \u201ep\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c). Stejn\u011b slepou kolej nastoup\u00ed ov\u0161em \u0159e\u010d i v\u00a0opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy\u017e toti\u017e v\u00a0n\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed, nerozli\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed dogma typu \u201ejak\u00e9koli z\u00e1sahy \u010dlov\u011bka v\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edm parku jsou vylou\u010deny\u201c. \u00a0Zasahovat t\u011b\u017ekou technikou v\u00a0j\u00e1dru n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku pod z\u00e1minkou ochrany p\u0159ed \u0161k\u016fdci je vandalismus. Podobn\u00fd vandalismus naruby by ov\u0161em p\u0159edstavovala bezohledn\u00e1 snaha rozv\u00edjet neru\u0161en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed procesy i s\u00a0kalamitami (\u201edivo\u010dinu\u201c) v\u00a0bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti lidsk\u00fdch a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch s\u00eddel. Proto jsou v\u0161echny n\u00e1rodn\u00ed parky sv\u011bta rozd\u011bleny do z\u00f3n, je\u017e rozli\u0161uj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fd stupe\u0148 ochrany p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch proces\u016f. Hr\u00e1t si na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed park a h\u00e1dat se 20 let o to, zda v\u00a0bezz\u00e1sahov\u00e9m <\/b>\u00fazem\u00ed zasahovat<\/b> \u010di ne, tj. zda nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, pokud mo\u017eno souvisl\u00e9 j\u00e1dro N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0159\u00eddit motorovou pilou, je stejn\u011b po\u0161etil\u00e9, jako postavit si N\u00e1rodn\u00ed divadlo a p\u0159\u00edt se 20 let o to, zda v\u00a0n\u011bm m\u00e1 \u010di nem\u00e1 b\u00fdt jevi\u0161t\u011b. M\u00edsto, kde m\u00e1 re\u017eii i sc\u00e9nografii v\u00fdhradn\u011b v\u00a0rukou p\u0159\u00edroda, je jevi\u0161t\u011bm ka\u017ed\u00e9ho standardn\u00edho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku na sv\u011bt\u011b: zbytek jsou jen r\u016fzn\u011b velik\u00e1 a r\u016fzn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e1 hledi\u0161t\u011b.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem rada pro \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e \u010di poslucha\u010de: scvrkne-li se v\u00e1m hned v\u00a0nadeps\u00e1n\u00ed probl\u00e9mu t\u00e9ma N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku a \u0161umavsk\u00e9ho brouka (jen\u017e v\u00a0realit\u011b tamn\u00edho lesa pokr\u00fdval a\u017e do Kyrillu pouh\u00fdch 3 – 4% , zato ve virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed realit\u011b m\u00e9di\u00ed p\u0159edstavoval u\u017e tehdy 99% referenc\u00ed o dan\u00e9m probl\u00e9mu!) do magick\u00e9 floskule \u201ek\u00e1cet x nek\u00e1cet\u201c, vysko\u010dte z\u00a0t\u00e9hle slep\u00e9 \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00fdhybky, dokud je \u010das.<\/p>\n

GLOB\u00c1LN\u00cd \u00a0\u017dV\u00c1ST JAKO \u00d3DA NA HORIZONT\u00c1LU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Filosof Paul Virilio ve sv\u00e9 Informatick\u00e9 bomb\u011b <\/i>cituje jak\u00fdsi firemn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem Being digital<\/i> (\u201eDigit\u00e1ln\u00ed byt\u00ed\u201c), kter\u00fd ve sv\u00e9 promluv\u011b k\u00a0internetov\u00fdm surfa\u0159\u016fm (\u201einternaut\u016fm\u201c) \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eStru\u010dnost je du\u0161\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 komunikace\u201c. A Virilio k\u00a0tomu p\u0159ipojuje dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrok, tentokr\u00e1t z\u00a0\u00fast miliard\u00e1\u0159e George Sorose: \u201eI tu nejslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed situaci dok\u00e1\u017eu redukovat na jej\u00ed nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdraz.\u201c Z\u00a0tohoto faktu elektronick\u00e9ho zrychlov\u00e1n\u00ed a zestru\u010d\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed komunikace vyvozuje filosof\u00a0 hrozbu nov\u00e9 negramotnosti a analfabetismu. Tedy r\u00fdsuj\u00edc\u00ed se epochu n\u011bm\u00fdch telefon\u016f, d\u011bjin bez \u0159e\u010di, komiks\u016f bez bublin. M\u00e1m trochu opa\u010dn\u00e9 obavy: \u017ee \u0159e\u010d zaplav\u00ed d\u011bjiny. Technologie otev\u0159ela stavidla a zavalila n\u00e1s \u2013 zejm\u00e9na z\u00a0bezedn\u00fdch hub politik\u016f a jejich \u201ep\u00ed\u00e1rist\u016f\u201c – nezastaviteln\u00e1 inflace slov (\u201efloskul\u00ed\u201c). M\u00e1m obavy z bezb\u0159eh\u00e9 mnohosti, nikoli z\u00a0lapid\u00e1rnosti zpr\u00e1v, z\u00a0\u00e9ry \u017ev\u00e1stu, z\u00a0k\u0159e\u010de \u0159e\u010di, j\u00ed\u017e dosud setrva\u010dn\u011b pova\u017eujeme za komunikaci. M\u00e1m obavy, \u017ee z\u00a0bezb\u0159eh\u00e9, tekut\u00e9 webov\u00e9 povodn\u011b st\u00e1le rozplizlej\u0161\u00edch a anonymn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch projev\u016f glob\u00e1ln\u00ed grafomanie (co u\u017eivatel netu, to n\u011bk\u00fdm \u010dten\u00fd grafoman, co \u201ebloger\u201c, to liter\u00e1rn\u00ed titan ve vlastn\u00edch o\u010d\u00edch) u\u017e jen tak nevyb\u0159edneme, \u017ee jsme se v\u00a0n\u00ed nenau\u010dili plavat, odn\u011bkud n\u011bkam sm\u011b\u0159ovat, \u017ee jsme j\u00ed (doslova i obrazn\u011b) un\u00e1\u0161eni. A \u017ee p\u0159ijdeme \u2013 nebo u\u017e jsme d\u00e1vno p\u0159i\u0161li –\u00a0 pr\u00e1v\u011b o tu d\u00e9monizovanou stru\u010dnost<\/i>, schopnost p\u0159esn\u00e9ho, odborn\u00e9ho pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed. O schopnost \u0159e\u010di, je\u017e skute\u010dnost na\u0161emu pozn\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u00edr\u00e1: nam\u00edsto toho m\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost (nejen ta \u0161umavsk\u00e1) trvale nasazen\u00e9ho \u201ebrouka v\u00a0hlav\u011b\u201c, kter\u00fd mu obrovsk\u00fdmi medi\u00e1ln\u00edmi krovkami zast\u00ednil autentickou realitu, nap\u0159\u00edklad autentickou realitu \u0161umavsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody (tj. nejen s\u00a0medi\u00e1ln\u011b vd\u011b\u010dn\u00fdmi pah\u00fdly a \u0161ediv\u00fdmi stromy, ale i s\u00a0miliony semen\u00e1\u010dk\u016f pod nimi). U\u010d\u00edme se na realitu nan\u00e1\u0161et nov\u00e9 a nov\u00e9 verb\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1t\u011bry, st\u00e1le pest\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed laky a ornamenty (\u201e\u0159e\u010d \u0159e\u010di\u201c), je\u017e ji zdobn\u011b zakr\u00fdvaj\u00ed (\u201eKdo nem\u00e1 temperament, pot\u0159ebuje ornament\u201c, Karel Kraus).<\/p>\n

Funkc\u00ed \u0159e\u010di politik\u016f b\u00fdv\u00e1 zakr\u00fdvat podstatu. Propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a likvidaci tradi\u010dn\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00ed nazveme \u201eze\u0161t\u00edhlov\u00e1n\u00edm\u201c, asistovanou sebevra\u017edu \u201ed\u016fstojn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem um\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c, t\u011b\u017ebu stalet\u00fdch rezonan\u010dn\u00edch smrk\u016f \u201eaktivn\u00ed ochranou lesa\u201c, tvrd\u00e1 fakta o glob\u00e1ln\u00edch klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch ozna\u010d\u00edme, abychom nemuseli omezit svou energetickou nena\u017eranost, uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1lepkou \u201em\u00f3dn\u00ed zelen\u00e9 ideologie\u201c a \u201eohro\u017een\u00edm na\u0161\u00ed svobody\u201c. Na\u0161i zm\u00edn\u011bnou energetickou nena\u017eranost zakryjeme \u2013 co\u017e je v\u00a0integruj\u00edc\u00ed se Evrop\u011b snad mo\u017en\u00e9 u\u017e jen v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed \u010cEZsk\u00e9 republice – zastydlou nacion\u00e1ln\u00ed fr\u00e1z\u00ed o \u201en\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti\u201c (p\u0159itom budujeme nov\u00e9 bloky elektr\u00e1ren jen a jen na v\u00fdvoz, rozum\u011bj: pro vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed zisky do bezedn\u00fdch kapes mana\u017eer\u016f a akcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f \u010dEZu). A kdykoli p\u0159ekon\u00e1 m\u00ed\u010d nebo puk brankovou \u010d\u00e1ru, tak poka\u017ed\u00e9 znovu \u00a0\u201ep\u0159episujeme d\u011bjiny\u201c.\u00a0 A kone\u010dn\u011b: \u010dtvrtstolet\u00e9 miliardov\u00e9 kr\u00e1de\u017ee za b\u00edl\u00e9ho dne a za p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 asistence st\u00e1tu jsme jednou prov\u017edy geni\u00e1ln\u011b opsali klausovskou v\u011btou: \u201etransforma\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady byly nenulov\u00e9\u201c. Nen\u00ed-li toto v\u0161echno ztr\u00e1ta stru\u010dnosti a v\u011bcnosti, nen\u00ed-li to inflace slov, je\u017e se stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed rychlost\u00ed medi\u00e1ln\u00edho ob\u011bhu maj\u00ed st\u00e1le omezen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dobu platnosti, pak nev\u00edm, co tyto pojmy znamenaj\u00ed. Vzdaluj\u00ed n\u00e1m sv\u011bt p\u0159irozen\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti, vzdaluj\u00ed n\u00e1m d\u0159\u00edve ob\u00fdvanou bl\u00edzkost bytost\u00ed i v\u011bc\u00ed: \u201eCo je to bl\u00edzkost, jestli\u017ee p\u0159esto, \u017ee i nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti byly zkr\u00e1ceny na minimum, neust\u00e1le unik\u00e1? Co je to bl\u00edzkost, kdy\u017e ji toto ne\u00fanavn\u00e9 odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti dokonce zapuzuje? Co je to bl\u00edzkost, \u017ee kdy\u017e j\u00ed nen\u00ed, chyb\u00ed i d\u00e1lka?\u201c, pt\u00e1 se filosof \u00a0Heidegger. V\u00ed, \u017ee prav\u00e1 \u201ebl\u00edzkost m\u00e1 uchov\u00e1vat d\u00e1lku\u201c, v\u00ed, \u017ee jen \u201epokud \u0161et\u0159\u00edme v\u011bc (p\u0159\u00edrodu) jako v\u011bc, ob\u00fdv\u00e1me bl\u00edzkost\u2026\u201c, jinak \u201ebytnost v\u011bci nevych\u00e1z\u00ed nikdy najevo, tzn. nedost\u00e1v\u00e1 se k\u00a0\u0159e\u010di.\u201c (V\u011bc \/ Das Ding). <\/i>P\u0159ilo\u017eme filosofova slova na \u0161umavskou kauzu: pokud na vymezen\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed nenech\u00e1me p\u0159\u00edrodu mluvit jej\u00edm jazykem, pokud ji budeme i zde pou\u010dovat pilou a chemi\u00ed, nikdy si neosvoj\u00edme jej\u00ed \u0159e\u010d, z\u016fstaneme v\u016f\u010di n\u00ed tot\u00e1ln\u00edmi analfabety. Nedozv\u00edme se, \u010d\u00edm p\u0159\u00edroda skute\u010dn\u011b je a ztr\u00e1c\u00edme \u0161anci se z\u00a0n\u00ed pou\u010dit.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

\u010ctu-li n\u011bkdy (na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pro sv\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed to d\u011bl\u00e1m z\u0159\u00eddkakdy) diskuse anonymn\u00edch bloger\u016f, \u010d\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b informovan\u00fdch, t\u00edm ve sv\u00fdch kategorick\u00fdch soudech a ur\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch suver\u00e9nn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, proch\u00e1z\u00edm-li \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161inou omylem \u2013 nekone\u010dn\u011b u\u017evan\u011bn\u00e9 port\u00e1ly a jepicov\u00e9 debaty na\u0161ich webov\u00fdch einstein\u016f\u00a0 (pros\u00edm nechat mal\u00e9 \u201ee\u201c), pokou\u0161\u00edm-li se analyzovat \u201e\u0159e\u010d jejich \u0159e\u010di\u201c, v\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e mno\u017estv\u00ed slov je v\u017edy nep\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed my\u0161lenek, vzpomenu si zpravidla na varov\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00e9ho, tentokr\u00e1t \u010desk\u00e9ho filosofa. Filosofa, pro n\u011bho\u017e esej byl zp\u016fsobem, jak p\u0159inutit \u0159e\u010d, aby vydala sv\u00e1 tajemstv\u00ed:<\/p>\n

\u201eJedin\u00e9, \u010d\u00edm nelze ot\u0159\u00e1st, nejsou d\u016fvody, n\u00fdbr\u017e osobn\u00ed z\u00e1ruka\u2026 Argumenty Sokratovy, Kristovy, Brunovy, Husovy a jin\u00fdch jsou nebo mohou b\u00fdt sporn\u00e9; ale p\u0159\u00edklad a ob\u011b\u0165 \u017eivota, tato pe\u010de\u0165 jistoty, vtiskl\u00e1 jejich pravd\u011b, je mimo ka\u017ed\u00fd spor\u2026 Neptej se proto, co je pravda; ptej se: za\u010d dovedu ru\u010dit? \u2026.V pravd\u011b p\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed b\u00fdt slova pojmy, <\/i>tj. logick\u00fdmi konstrukcemi, a st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se t\u00edm, \u010d\u00edm p\u016fvodn\u011b jsou, tj. v\u00fdrazy: pravda \u2026 je projevem <\/i>nitern\u00fdm, nem\u00e1 horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed vazbu, ale je \u010dl\u00e1nek po \u010dl\u00e1nku ztu\u017eena \u00b4vertik\u00e1ln\u011b, vzep\u0159ena o dno, o nitro.\u201c (Josef\u00a0 \u0160afa\u0159\u00edk: Sedm list\u016f Melinovi<\/i>).<\/p>\n

Ob\u00e1v\u00e1m se, \u017ee st\u00e1le anonymn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace st\u00e1le vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pojm\u016f, osob, instituc\u00ed, partajn\u00edch \u0161\u00edbr\u016f a politik\u016f bez osobn\u00edho ru\u010den\u00ed u\u010din\u00ed z\u00a0na\u0161eho byt\u00ed u\u017e nikoli jen son\u00e1tu horizont\u00e1ln\u00edho \u017eivota, <\/i>jak naivn\u011b zp\u00edval v\u00a0minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b S. K. Neumann, ale kakofoni\u00ed horizont\u00e1ln\u00edho \u017eivota<\/i>, na \u00fakor v\u0161eho vertik\u00e1ln\u00edho, nitern\u00e9ho, kosmick\u00e9ho a \u2013 autenticky p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho.<\/p>\n

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 869 total views Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek nevy\u0161el, pokud v\u00edm, v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch novin\u00e1ch, pouze na autorov\u011b blogu. Pova\u017eujeme jej za z\u00e1sadn\u00ed a p\u0159etiskujeme jej v pln\u00e9m textu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18,9],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2858"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2858"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2858\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}