{"id":3066,"date":"2014-09-16T08:54:51","date_gmt":"2014-09-16T08:54:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=3066"},"modified":"2014-09-16T08:54:51","modified_gmt":"2014-09-16T08:54:51","slug":"arch-svabova-asorkd-poznamky-a-pripominky-k-pripravovanemu-pamatkovemu-zakonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=3066","title":{"rendered":"arch. \u0160v\u00e1bov\u00e1 (ASORKD): Pozn\u00e1mky a p\u0159ipom\u00ednky k p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9mu pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9mu z\u00e1konu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/g><\/svg><\/i>  1,550 total views<\/p>\n

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P\u0159etiskujeme pozn\u00e1mky a p\u0159ipom\u00ednky pan\u00ed architektky \u0160v\u00e1bov\u00e9\u00a0k p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9mu pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9mu z\u00e1konu .<\/p>\n

Obsah<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 pam\u00e1tkov\u00e1 ochrana<\/li>\n
  • Konec 19. stolet\u00ed \u2013 zlom ve v\u00fdvoji m\u011bst<\/li>\n
  • Tradicionalismus a modernismus<\/li>\n
  • Hled\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho konsenzu.<\/li>\n
  • P\u0159ipom\u00ednky k\u00a0obsahu pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    <\/p>\n

    Ad 1.<\/b> N\u00e1\u0161 sou\u010dasn\u00fd pam\u00e1tkov\u00fd z\u00e1kon je zam\u011b\u0159en na ochranu jednotliv\u00fdch registrovan\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek. Ochrana historick\u00fdch m\u011bst, pam\u00e1tkov\u00fdch z\u00f3n a ochrann\u00fdch p\u00e1sem chyb\u00ed \u2013 formulace \u201edotv\u00e1\u0159et chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 celky p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky sou\u010dasn\u00e9 architektonick\u00e9 tvorby vyzn\u00edv\u00e1 zcela napr\u00e1zdno \u2013 pokryje cokoli. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka 9\/1985 o Pra\u017esk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9 rezervaci byla zru\u0161ena. \u00dazemn\u00ed pl\u00e1n v\u00a0m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku 1:10 000 rovn\u011b\u017e zp\u016fsob ochrany pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed nijak nezabezpe\u010duje. V\u00a0Praze je v\u00edc ne\u017e 40 ob\u010dansk\u00fdch sdru\u017een\u00ed, kter\u00e1 bojuj\u00ed v\u0161emi prost\u0159edky za z\u00e1chranu sv\u00e9ho m\u011bsta. Obdobn\u00e1 situace je i v\u00a0jin\u00fdch historick\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Ob\u010dan\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit realizaci projekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e z\u00edskaly schv\u00e1len\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch pam\u00e1tkov\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f. T\u011bm lidem jde o z\u00e1chranu du\u0161e m\u011bsta, se kter\u00fdm se s\u017eili, kter\u00e9 ch\u00e1pou jako sv\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. H\u00e1j\u00ed sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed pro\u017eit\u00ed sv\u00e9ho m\u011bsta podle geneticky zak\u00f3dovan\u00e9 pot\u0159eby \u0159\u00e1du a harmonie, kter\u00e9 u tzv. sou\u010dasn\u00e9 architektonick\u00e9 tvorby v\u00a0historick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed nenach\u00e1zej\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0historick\u00fdch m\u011bstech doch\u00e1zelo do konce 19. stol. spont\u00e1nn\u011b k\u00a0harmonick\u00fdm vztah\u016fm mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi slohov\u00fdmi obdob\u00edmi, vstup sou\u010dasn\u00e9 modernistick\u00e9 architektury do historick\u00e9 z\u00e1stavby se zat\u00edm neda\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Ad 2<\/b>. Spont\u00e1nn\u00ed harmonick\u00e9 navazov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho na star\u00e9 kon\u010d\u00ed s\u00a019. stolet\u00edm. Souvis\u00ed to s\u00a0velk\u00fdm civiliza\u010dn\u00edm a kulturn\u00edm zlomem, ke kter\u00e9mu tehdy do\u0161lo. Pokrok ve v\u011bd\u011b a neb\u00fdval\u00fd technick\u00fd rozvoj zp\u016fsobily, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk se po\u010dal rozhodovat pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b experiment\u00e1ln\u011b ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch fakt\u016f a racion\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00fasudk\u016f. Zbavil se z\u00e1vislosti na tradi\u010dn\u00edch univerzalizuj\u00edc\u00edch n\u00e1zorov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech, do\u0161lo k\u00a0sekularizaci spole\u010dnosti. Z\u00a0urbanismu m\u011bst zmizela priorita prostoru. P\u0159i\u0161la doba modern\u00ed. Euforie z\u00a0nabyt\u00e9 svobody p\u0159inesla v\u00edru v\u00a0jednozna\u010dn\u011b pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky technick\u00e9ho pokroku. Teprve 2. sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka a ekologick\u00e9 dopady civilizace ot\u0159\u00e1sly t\u00edmto p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00edm. Ztracen\u00fd n\u00e1zorov\u00fd konsensus se nepoda\u0159ilo v\u00a0jin\u00e9 form\u011b obnovit. (V\u00edce viz nap\u0159. Heidegger \u2013 V\u011bk obrazu sv\u011bta \u2013 \u010desk\u00fd p\u0159eklad 2013).<\/p>\n

    Ad 3.<\/b> V\u00a0dob\u011b obecn\u00e9 skepse o\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 st\u00e1le prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed boj tradicionalist\u016f a modernist\u016f. Tradicionalist\u00e9 se vztahuj\u00ed k\u00a0ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm vzor\u016fm z\u00a0minulosti, po\u017eaduj\u00ed kontinuitu a kontext s okol\u00edm a dovol\u00e1vaj\u00ed se geneticky zak\u00f3dovan\u00e9, psychofyziologick\u00e9 pot\u0159eby \u010dlov\u011bka \u00a0napln\u011bn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1du a harmonie. (Heydrich Wolflin \/1864-1945\/: Z\u00e1kony estetiky zna\u010d\u00ed podm\u00ednky, za nich\u017e se c\u00edt\u00edme dob\u0159e. \u00a0Modernist\u00e9 vid\u00ed smysl sv\u00e9 tvorby ve zm\u011bn\u011b sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu, v\u00a0originalit\u011b. Obecn\u00e1 srozumitelnost, podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 respektov\u00e1n\u00edm geneticky zak\u00f3dovan\u00e9 pot\u0159eby \u010dlov\u011bka sm\u011b\u0159ovat k\u00a0\u0159\u00e1du a harmonii, nen\u00ed c\u00edlem jejich tvorby, sta\u010d\u00ed pochopen\u00ed zasv\u011bcen\u00fdch znalc\u016f. Pr\u00e1vo na individualistick\u00fd projev je nad\u0159azeno pot\u0159eb\u00e1m celku.\u00a0 Modernistick\u00e9 voln\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed odch\u00e1z\u00ed do galeri\u00ed nebo je shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1no ve sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch zasv\u011bcen\u00fdch znalc\u016f. Architektura a urbanismus jsou v\u00a0jin\u00e9m postaven\u00ed \u2013 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u0161em, p\u0159ed jejich p\u016fsoben\u00edm nen\u00ed \u00faniku. Modernistick\u00e1 architektura, ur\u010den\u00e1 v\u00a0podstat\u011b pro skupinu zasv\u011bcen\u00fdch podle um\u011ble vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch pravidel, nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na p\u0159irozen\u00e9 pot\u0159eby lid\u00ed nezasv\u011bcen\u00fdch vc\u00edtit se do sv\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, orientovat se v\u00a0jeho \u0159\u00e1du, ani\u017e by si museli zvykat za cenu ztr\u00e1ty bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed seberealizace tam, kde maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo c\u00edtit se doma. Tady je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d ob\u010dan\u00e9 Rotterdamu hledaj\u00ed du\u0161i sv\u00e9ho m\u011bsta brut\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159estav\u011bn\u00e9ho Remem Koolhaasem, pro\u010d protestuj\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 Prahy se v\u0161emi, kdo Prahu za sv\u00e9 m\u011bsto pova\u017euj\u00ed, proti demolici domu na rohu Opletalovy a V\u00e1clavsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed, na V\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed v\u00a0Dejvic\u00edch proti budov\u011b LINE, Na Franti\u0161ku proti p\u0159edimenzovan\u00e9mu bytov\u00e9mu objektu, zasahuj\u00edc\u00edmu za hranice are\u00e1lu sv. Ane\u017eky \u010desk\u00e9 a dal\u0161\u00edch obdobn\u00fdch kauz. \u00a0Zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl je ve vztahu tradicionalist\u016f a modernist\u016f k\u00a0prostoru. Tradicionalistick\u00e1 architektura usiluje o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed integrity existuj\u00edc\u00edho prostoru, vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0prostorov\u00fdch vztah\u016f a prostory vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jako sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed smysl. \u00a0Modernistick\u00e1 architektura naproti tomu z\u00e1konitosti existuj\u00edc\u00edho prostoru nerespektuje, \u010dasto je z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b v\u00a0z\u00e1jmu radik\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny, poru\u0161uje. Jej\u00ed vstup do\u00a0historick\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b devastuj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek. V\u00edce Doc. Martin Hor\u00e1\u010dek, VUT Brno \u2013 Za sv\u011bt kr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed -2013.<\/b><\/p>\n

    Ad 4.<\/b> N\u00e1zorov\u00fd konsensus je ztracen. Tak jako nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e hledat racion\u00e1ln\u00edmi prost\u0159edky smysl z\u00e1konitost\u00ed ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159irozen\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, poru\u0161en\u00e9 civilizac\u00ed, mus\u00edme hledat a sami stanovit i zp\u016fsob, jak vytv\u00e1\u0159et \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u011bst urbanistick\u00fdmi a architektonick\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky. Pouze bude-li na\u0161e snaha c\u00edlen\u00e1 na z\u00e1jmy p\u0159\u00edrody a cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt smysl. Pokud propadneme sebest\u0159edn\u00e9mu a sv\u00e9voln\u00e9mu individualismu, jsme odsouzeni ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b kultury, civilizace i psychick\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina fat\u00e1ln\u00edho selh\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b je v\u00a0nedokonalosti dosud platn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona. Pam\u00e1tkov\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de v\u00a0dob\u011b bez n\u00e1zorov\u00e9ho konsenzu vy\u017eaduje pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stanoven\u00ed programu, podlo\u017een\u00e9ho teoretick\u00fdm studiem a realizovateln\u00e9ho jasn\u011b nastaven\u00fdmi pravidly. Nejde o nastaven\u00ed dogmat, \u201ekone\u010dn\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed\u201c, ale o nalezen\u00ed zp\u016fsobu p\u0159\u00edstupu k\u00a0ochran\u011b. Krom\u011b hledisek kompozi\u010dn\u00edch a architektonicko-historick\u00fdch je nutn\u00e9 specifikovat podstatu hodnot s\u00a0psychofyziologick\u00fdmi dopady ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edmi podstatn\u011b spole\u010dnost \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0urbanismu chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch m\u011bst.\u00a0 C\u00edlem je zachovat tyto hodnoty v\u00a0m\u011bstech historick\u00fdch a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zde hledat \u00a0pou\u010den\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdstavb\u011b m\u011bst nov\u00fdch. Zat\u00edmco registrovan\u00fdm pam\u00e1tk\u00e1m se sna\u017e\u00edme zachovat jejich p\u016fvodn\u00ed stav, m\u011bstu je nutn\u00e9 zachovat prostor pro dal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj. P\u0159edm\u011btem ochrany je tedy jeho identita, definovan\u00e1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b kvalifikovan\u00fdch rozbor\u016f.<\/p>\n

    Ad 5.<\/b> Pro \u00fa\u010dinnou ochranu pam\u00e1tek po\u017eadujeme, aby nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon zajistil:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Pro chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 m\u011bsta povinnost zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed regula\u010dn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z\u00a0kvalifikovan\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy jejich prostorov\u00e9 kompozice. Pro registrovan\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky obnovit povinnost SHP. Regulativy nab\u00edzej\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnou ochranu proti korupci usm\u011brn\u011bn\u00edm developersk\u00fdch z\u00e1m\u011br\u016f.<\/li>\n
    2. Chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed (m\u011bsta, historick\u00e1 j\u00e1dra, chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00f3ny) z\u00a0hlediska pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9 ochrany spravovat jako celek. Obnovit statut Pra\u017esk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9 rezervace v\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u011b stanoven\u00fdch hranic\u00edch. Nov\u011b stanovit hranice \u00a0ochrann\u00fdch p\u00e1sem m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed i jednotliv\u00fdch dominant. Pou\u010dn\u00e1 je zku\u0161enost s\u00a0v\u00fdstavbou na Pankr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 oslabila dominantn\u00ed postaven\u00ed Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho hradu v\u00a0reli\u00e9fu pra\u017esk\u00e9 kotliny a ohrozila zaps\u00e1n\u00ed PPR do registru mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed.<\/li>\n
    3. Ochranu historick\u00fdch m\u011bst klasifikovat jako ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed civilizace z\u00a0hlediska po\u017eadavku na ochranu kulturn\u00edch hodnot v\u010detn\u011b hodnot psychicko soci\u00e1ln\u00edch.<\/li>\n
    4. Pro ob\u010dansk\u00e1 sdru\u017een\u00ed zakotvit statut \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka \u00fazemn\u00edho i stavebn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady vlo\u017eit povinnost automaticky a v\u010das informovat opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1 ob\u010dansk\u00e1 sdru\u017een\u00ed o projektov\u00fdch z\u00e1m\u011brech, projektov\u00e9 dokumentaci a pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      3.9.14<\/p>\n

      Za\u00a0 \u00a0ASORKD<\/a><\/p>\n

      Ing. arch. Marie \u0160v\u00e1bov\u00e1<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 viceprezident asociace<\/p>\n

      <\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/div>
      <\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

       1,550 total views P\u0159etiskujeme pozn\u00e1mky a p\u0159ipom\u00ednky pan\u00ed architektky \u0160v\u00e1bov\u00e9\u00a0k p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9mu pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9mu z\u00e1konu . Obsah Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 pam\u00e1tkov\u00e1 ochrana Konec 19. stolet\u00ed \u2013 zlom ve v\u00fdvoji m\u011bst Tradicionalismus a modernismus Hled\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho konsenzu. P\u0159ipom\u00ednky k\u00a0obsahu pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7,11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3066"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3066"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3066\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3066"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3066"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3066"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}