{"id":4947,"date":"2015-11-06T19:03:11","date_gmt":"2015-11-06T19:03:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=4947"},"modified":"2015-11-07T04:42:02","modified_gmt":"2015-11-07T04:42:02","slug":"novela-z-o-azylu-a-o-pobytu-cizincu-na-uzemi-cr-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=4947","title":{"rendered":"Novela z. o azylu a o pobytu cizinc\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR &#8211; EU"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"pvc_stats total_only \" data-element-id=\"4947\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> &nbsp;1,147&nbsp;total views<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/Poslanecka-snemovna.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4948\" alt=\"Poslanecka snemovna\" src=\"http:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/Poslanecka-snemovna-300x105.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/Poslanecka-snemovna-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/Poslanecka-snemovna.png 307w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Do poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovny dorazil vl\u00e1dn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh novely azylov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona. Dokument si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst <a href=\"http:\/\/www.psp.cz\/sqw\/text\/tiskt.sqw?O=7&amp;CT=463&amp;CT1=0\">zde<\/a>. D\u016fvodovou zpr\u00e1vu <a href=\"http:\/\/www.psp.cz\/sqw\/text\/orig2.sqw?idd=114130\">zde<\/a>. \u00a0Cituji \u010d\u00e1sti d\u016fvodov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 mne zaujaly.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>C\u00edlem zm\u011bn v z\u00e1kon\u011b o pobytu cizinc\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky je zejm\u00e9na p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed \u00fapravy zm\u011bn\u00e1m proveden\u00fdm v z\u00e1kon\u011b o azylu, d\u00e1le dopln\u011bn\u00ed transpozice tzv. n\u00e1vratov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice (sm\u011brnice 2008\/115\/ES) a zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00e1 transpozice sm\u011brnice o voln\u00e9m pohybu (sm\u011brnice 2004\/38\/ES), a d\u00e1le reakce na pot\u0159eby praxe.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Za proveden\u00ed (transpozici ve stanoven\u00e9 lh\u016ft\u011b, soulad a spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed) pr\u00e1va Unie do sv\u00e9ho vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du nese odpov\u011bdnost ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t. Evropsk\u00e1 komise v souladu se smlouvami dohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed na spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va Unie. Proto pokud n\u011bkter\u00fd z \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f pr\u00e1vo Unie nedodr\u017euje (ve sledovan\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b netransponuje \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b a v\u010das), Evropsk\u00e1 komise m\u00e1 pravomoci (\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro nespln\u011bn\u00ed povinnost\u00ed) stanoven\u00e9 v \u010dl\u00e1nku 258 Smlouvy o fungov\u00e1n\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie a \u010dl\u00e1nku 106a Smlouvy o ESAE, jimi\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee pokusit toto poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va ukon\u010dit. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby se obrac\u00ed na Soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr1). \u010cesk\u00e1 republika by tak mohla b\u00fdt v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku odsouzena, a to i k finan\u010dn\u00ed pokut\u011b. Je proto t\u0159eba splnit povinnost \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b a v\u010das transponovat unijn\u00ed acquis a dos\u00e1hnout tak souladu na\u0161eho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du s normami spole\u010dn\u00e9ho evropsk\u00e9ho azylov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. N\u00e1vrh nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 rizika &#8211; jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o transpozici unijn\u00edho acquis s c\u00edlem dobudovat spole\u010dn\u00fd evropsk\u00fd azylov\u00fd syst\u00e9m na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/p>\n<p>Omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu na trh pr\u00e1ce po ur\u010ditou dobu je jedn\u00edm z vhodn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f boje proti zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany k mo\u017enosti pobytu na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, a to i za \u00fa\u010delem v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti; k tomu jsou ur\u010deny n\u00e1stroje leg\u00e1ln\u00ed migrace a cesta z\u00e1kona o pobytu cizinc\u016f. Zejm\u00e9na po roce 2000 \u010delila \u010cesk\u00e1 republika n\u00e1poru \u017eadatel\u016f o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany, kte\u0159\u00ed vstoupili do azylov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jen za \u00fa\u010delem mo\u017enosti na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky pob\u00fdvat a pracovat zde.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm relevantn\u00edm sledovan\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem \u00damluvy o ochran\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch svobod je \u010dl. 5 odst. 1 p\u00edsm. f), kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje omezit osobn\u00ed svobodu jednotlivce za \u00fa\u010delem zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed nepovolen\u00e9mu vstupu na \u00fazem\u00ed. St\u00e1ty maj\u00ed nepopirateln\u00e9 suver\u00e9nn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo kontrolovat vstup cizinc\u016f a jejich pobyt na sv\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed a nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tohoto pr\u00e1va je opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1t\u016f zadr\u017eet migranty, v\u010detn\u011b \u017eadatel\u016f o azyl; takov\u00e9 zadr\u017een\u00ed v\u0161ak mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat podm\u00ednky dan\u00e9 (nejen) \u00famluvou (ve vztahu k \u010cesk\u00e9 republice nap\u0159. \u00a7 68-69 rozsudku <i>Rashed proti \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, \u010d. 298\/07<\/i>). Oblast zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u017eadatel\u016f o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany byla dot\u010dena zejm\u00e9na zm\u011bnami v d\u016fvodech zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a do\u0161lo rovn\u011b\u017e k vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed vztahu k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed podle z\u00e1kona o pobytu cizinc\u016f. Co se t\u00fd\u010de rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u010di jeho p\u0159ezkumu, zde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k n\u011bkolika zm\u011bn\u00e1m, kter\u00e1 souvisej\u00ed s \u010dl. 5 odst. 1 p\u00edsm. f) \u00famluvy. Tou nejz\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je zaveden\u00ed alternativ k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, tedy mo\u017enosti ulo\u017eit m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed ne\u017e je samotn\u00e9 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed; zva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ulo\u017een\u00ed m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho opat\u0159en\u00ed vych\u00e1z\u00ed nap\u0159. z rozsudku <i>Mikolenko proti Estonsku <\/i>\u010d. 10664\/05).<\/p>\n<p>Z \u00fapravy v z\u00e1kon\u011b o pobytu cizinc\u016f se p\u0159ej\u00edm\u00e1 postupn\u00e9 prodlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, nen\u00ed ji\u017e tedy mo\u017en\u00e9 rozhodnout o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na 120 dn\u00ed jedin\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm; tento postup vych\u00e1z\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad z rozsudku <i>Auad proti Bulharsku <\/i>(\u010d. 46390\/10). Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zraniteln\u00fdch kategori\u00ed osob je obecn\u011b vylou\u010deno, v\u00fdjimkou jsou situace, kdy tyto osoby poru\u0161\u00ed opakovan\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem alternativn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed by prob\u00edhalo prim\u00e1rn\u011b v p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edm st\u0159edisku, uveden\u00fd postup zcela reflektuje v\u00fdjime\u010dnost tohoto opat\u0159en\u00ed, p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed st\u0159edisko je pln\u011b vybaveno i na pobyt t\u011bchto kategori\u00ed (net\u00fdk\u00e1 se nezletil\u00fdch bez doprovodu \u2013 t\u011bm nelze ulo\u017eit zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed a na \u00fazem\u00ed jsou ubytov\u00e1ny v jin\u00e9m re\u017eimu); uveden\u00fd postup p\u0159ekladatel vyhodnotil jako souladn\u00fd s rozsudky <i>Mubilanzila Mayeka a Kaniki Mitunga<\/i><br \/>\n<i>proti Belgii <\/i>(\u010d. 13178\/03) <i>Muskhadzhiyeva a ostatn\u00ed proti Belgii<\/i>, (\u010d. 41442\/07),<br \/>\n<i>Omwenyeke proti N\u011bmecku<\/i>, \u010d. 44294\/04)<i>, Dougoz proti \u0158ecku<\/i>\u00a8(\u010d. 40907\/98), <i>Peers proti<\/i><br \/>\n<i>\u0158ecku <\/i>(\u010d. 28524\/95), <i>S.D.proti \u0158ecku <\/i>( \u010d. 53541\/07), <i>M.S.S. proti Belgii a \u0158ecku (\u010d.<\/i> 30696\/09). Z procesn\u00edho hlediska nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1sadn\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m, sou\u010dasn\u00fd proces rychl\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k soudn\u00edmu p\u0159ezkumu zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed (<i>Abdolkhani a Karimnia proti Turecku, \u010d.<\/i><br \/>\n<i>30471\/08<\/i>) je p\u0159ejat z dosavadn\u00ed \u00fapravy. Ke zm\u011bn\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed u momentu, kdy soud zru\u0161\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u017eadatele o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany nebo cizince, v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je nastaven rychl\u00fd proces propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed osoby na svobodu, tak jak to mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed judikatura vy\u017eaduje. Vztah mezi zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm podle z\u00e1kona o azylu a o pobytu cizinc\u016f vych\u00e1z\u00ed z rozsudku Soudn\u00edho dvora EU ve v\u011bci C-357\/09, <i>Kadzoev, <\/i>kter\u00fd p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem vyho\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u201eazylov\u00e9\u201c, jsou-li podlo\u017eeny ka\u017ed\u00e9 individu\u00e1ln\u00edm rozhodnut\u00edm, jsou zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edmi podle jin\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch re\u017eim\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Judikatura byla konzultov\u00e1na i p\u0159i navr\u017een\u00ed \u00fapravy omezen\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu ke stanovisk\u016fm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch slo\u017eek; z\u00e1konn\u00e1 \u00faprava tak, jak je navr\u017eena odpov\u00edd\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00edm <i>A. a ostatn\u00ed<\/i><br \/>\n<i>proti Spojen\u00e9mu kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, \u010d. 3455\/05<\/i>, kde soud rovn\u011b\u017e odk\u00e1zal na rozsudek <i>Chahal proti<\/i><br \/>\n<i>Spojen\u00e9mu kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010d. 22414\/93. <\/i>V podobn\u00e9m duchu se vyslovil nap\u0159. i rozsudek <i>C.G. a<\/i><br \/>\n<i>ostatn\u00ed proti Bulharsku, \u010d. 1365\/07.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Dotek s \u010dl\u00e1nkem 8 \u00famluvy (pr\u00e1vo na rodinn\u00fd a soukrom\u00fd \u017eivot) p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed do \u00favahy pouze v jednom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zm\u011bny, kterou p\u0159edkladatel provedl, a to v \u00a7 50a odst. 6 z\u00e1kona o pobytu cizinc\u016f, kdy, je-li v \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o spr\u00e1vn\u00edm vyho\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fd z\u00e1sah do soukrom\u00e9ho nebo rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota cizince a pob\u00fdv\u00e1-li cizinec na \u00fazem\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b, pova\u017euje se zah\u00e1jen\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o spr\u00e1vn\u00edm vyho\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed za \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o povinnosti opustit \u00fazem\u00ed. Ani nad\u00e1le tedy nebude uveden\u00fdm cizinc\u016fm vyd\u00e1no rozhodnut\u00ed o spr\u00e1vn\u00edm vyho\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by znemo\u017enilo legalizaci dal\u0161\u00edho pobytu v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, ale bude jim vyd\u00e1no toliko rozhodnut\u00ed konstatuj\u00edc\u00ed povinnost opustit \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Uveden\u00fd cizinec by tedy m\u011bl vycestovat a zajistit si vyd\u00e1n\u00ed pobytov\u00e9ho povolen\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9m zastupitelsk\u00e9m \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b. Mohou v\u0161ak nastat situace, ke kter\u00fdm se ji\u017e vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed judikatura, kdy ji\u017e samotn\u00e9 vycestov\u00e1n\u00ed cizince by znamenalo neod\u016fvodniteln\u00fd z\u00e1sah do jeho rodinn\u00e9ho a soukrom\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Uveden\u00e9 situace \u010desk\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00faprava \u0159e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159es mo\u017enost po\u017e\u00e1dat si o ud\u011blen\u00ed v\u00edza za \u00fa\u010delem strp\u011bn\u00ed pobytu na \u00fazem\u00ed podle z\u00e1kona o pobytu cizinc\u016f; v praxi bylo toto v\u00edzum v \u0159ad\u011b takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ud\u011bleno.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Odstavec 1 p\u00edsm. i) zav\u00e1d\u00ed definici pojmu zraniteln\u00e1 osoba. Dosud bylo na n\u011bkolika m\u00edstech z\u00e1kona taxativn\u011b vymezeno, kdo je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za zraniteln\u00e9ho. Tato nov\u00e1 definice je nyn\u00ed demonstrativn\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tedy adekv\u00e1tn\u011bji reagov\u00e1no na mo\u017en\u00e9 praktick\u00e9 situace. Demonstrativn\u00ed v\u00fd\u010det zraniteln\u00fdch osob do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry kop\u00edruje p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed sm\u011brnici, n\u011bkter\u00e9 formy zranitelnosti lze pod\u0159adit pod obecn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed definici. Nap\u0159\u00edklad ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchy lze pod\u0159adit pod v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Definov\u00e1n\u00ed zraniteln\u00e9 osoby je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm prvkem pro dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o \u017e\u00e1dosti o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochranu, kdy z\u00e1kon d\u00e1le p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 ur\u010den\u00ed specifick\u00fdch pot\u0159eb materi\u00e1ln\u00edho i procesn\u00edho charakteru a zohledn\u011bn\u00ed specifick\u00e9 situace zraniteln\u00fdch osob, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o ulo\u017een\u00ed alternativy k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b samotn\u00e9mu zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Je navrhov\u00e1no dopln\u011bn\u00ed definice pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v odstavci 4 o situaci, kdy jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fdm je cizinec vystaven, ve sv\u00e9m soub\u011bhu dosahuj\u00ed intenzity pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, i kdy\u017e jednotliv\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed za pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pova\u017eovat nelze.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e \u010cesk\u00e1 republika jako st\u00e1t schengensk\u00e9ho prostoru m\u00e1 vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hranice pouze na leti\u0161t\u00edch s lety do zem\u00ed mimo schengensk\u00fd prostor, toto ustanoven\u00ed se uplatn\u00ed v z\u00e1sad\u011b jen na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm leti\u0161ti v Praze. Pokud je tedy zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee cizinec chce podat \u017e\u00e1dost o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany, policie, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pracovn\u00edci zejm\u00e9na nevl\u00e1dn\u00edho neziskov\u00e9ho sektoru, takov\u00e9mu cizinci poskytnou k tomu nezbytn\u00e9 informace. Jedn\u00e1 se o obecn\u00e9 informace o tom, zda nap\u0159\u00edklad cizinec je \u010di nen\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn takovou \u017e\u00e1dost podat, nebo o tom, jak\u00fdm org\u00e1n\u016fm se \u017e\u00e1dost pod\u00e1v\u00e1 a jak\u00e9mu org\u00e1nu je \u017e\u00e1dost d\u00e1le postoupena. Informace mus\u00ed b\u00fdt samoz\u0159ejm\u011b poskytnuty v jazyce, kter\u00e9mu cizinec rozum\u00ed, jinak by nebyla zaji\u0161t\u011bna povinnost umo\u017enit \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochran\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Technicky je mo\u017en\u00e9 u\u017eit\u00ed slu\u017eeb tlumo\u010dn\u00edka do p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho jazyka, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt informa\u010dn\u00edch let\u00e1k\u016f v p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch. Ustanoven\u00ed d\u00e1le p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdch nebo fyzick\u00fdch osob zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se poskytov\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pomoci uprchl\u00edk\u016fm. P\u0159\u00edstup takov\u00fdchto osob k \u017eadatel\u016fm o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany nen\u00ed vylou\u010den ani za st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fapravy. P\u0159\u00edstup do p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edho st\u0159ediska pro \u017eadatele o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9ho v tranzitn\u00edm prostoru plyne z pr\u00e1va \u017eadatele o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany na kontakt s pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdmi a fyzick\u00fdmi osobami zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edmi se pomoc\u00ed uprchl\u00edk\u016fm. Vylou\u010den nen\u00ed ani p\u0159\u00edstup do tranzitn\u00edho prostoru mimo p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed st\u0159edisko, je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 splnit bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed po\u017eadavky, kter\u00e9 jsou vy\u017eadov\u00e1ny ke vstupu do t\u011bchto prostor podle jin\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>definice v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 \u00fajmy v ustanoven\u00ed odstavce 2 p\u00edsmeno a) se roz\u0161i\u0159uje o nebezpe\u010d\u00ed popravy, jak p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 anglick\u00e9 zn\u011bn\u00ed kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed sm\u011brnice. Je napravov\u00e1na nep\u0159esnost v \u010desk\u00e9m zn\u011bn\u00ed kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed sm\u011brnice. Za hrozbu popravy nicm\u00e9n\u011b obecn\u011b nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 pova\u017eovat nez\u0159\u00eddka tvrzen\u00e9 obavy z tzv. krevn\u00ed msty. Definice v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 \u00fajmy v p\u00edsmenu c) je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena o podstatn\u00fd defini\u010dn\u00ed znak, a to v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed \u017eivota \u010di lidsk\u00e9 d\u016fstojnosti civilisty v situac\u00edch vnit\u0159n\u00edch \u010di mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch ozbrojen\u00fdch konflikt\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Automatick\u00fd odkladn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek je tedy zachov\u00e1n zejm\u00e9na v situac\u00edch, kdy nelze mluvit o tom, \u017ee by negativn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00edho org\u00e1nu bylo zap\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u011bno ur\u010dit\u00fdm poru\u0161en\u00edm povinnosti konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho cizince. Nap\u0159\u00edklad se jedn\u00e1 o zam\u00edtnut\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti jako zjevn\u011b ned\u016fvodn\u00e9 z d\u016fvodu odm\u00edtnut\u00ed spln\u011bn\u00ed povinnosti podle ustanoven\u00ed \u00a7 45 odst. 6 \u2013 tedy odm\u00edtnut\u00ed strp\u011bt sejmut\u00ed daktyloskopick\u00fdch otisk\u016f prst\u016f nebo zastaven\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z d\u016fvodu konkludentn\u00edho zp\u011btvzet\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochranu. Plat\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i obecn\u00e1 \u00faprava mo\u017enosti o odkladn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek po\u017e\u00e1dat.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Novela v n\u011bkolika ustanoven\u00edch reaguje na explicitn\u00ed povinnosti dan\u00e9 unijn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem, tedy zajistit adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed podm\u00ednky \u017eadatel\u016fm o ud\u011blen\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochrany, zejm\u00e9na osob\u00e1m zraniteln\u00fdm. V odstavci 4 se nov\u011b reaguje na situace, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u017eadatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159em potvrzen\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed dietn\u00ed omezen\u00ed vzhledem ke sv\u00e9mu zdravotn\u00edmu stavu \u2013 tato omezen\u00ed jsou reflektov\u00e1na p\u0159i jejich pobytu v p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edm st\u0159edisku, kde se va\u0159\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed strava. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee v pobytov\u00fdch st\u0159edisc\u00edch se ji\u017e neva\u0159\u00ed, jsou tyto osoby odk\u00e1z\u00e1ny na p\u0159\u00edpravu vlastn\u00edch pokrm\u016f, kdy v\u0161ak speci\u00e1ln\u00ed ingredience jsou finan\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u00faprava z\u00e1kona o hmotn\u00e9 nouzi a finan\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek se t\u011bmto osob\u00e1m nav\u00fd\u0161\u00ed podle vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky \u010d. 389\/2011.<\/p>\n<div data-counters='1' data-style='square' data-size='regular' data-url='https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=4947' data-title='Novela z. o azylu a o pobytu cizinc\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR &#8211; EU' class='linksalpha_container linksalpha_app_3'><a href='\/\/www.linksalpha.com\/share?network='facebook' class='linksalpha_icon_facebook'><\/a><a href='\/\/www.linksalpha.com\/share?network='twitter' class='linksalpha_icon_twitter'><\/a><a href='\/\/www.linksalpha.com\/share?network='googleplus' class='linksalpha_icon_googleplus'><\/a><a href='\/\/www.linksalpha.com\/share?network='mail' class='linksalpha_icon_mail'><\/a><\/div><div data-position='' data-url='https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=4947' data-title='Novela z. o azylu a o pobytu cizinc\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR &#8211; EU' class='linksalpha_container linksalpha_app_7'><a href='\/\/www.linksalpha.com\/share?network='facebook' class='linksalpha_icon_facebook'><\/a><a href='\/\/www.linksalpha.com\/share?network='twitter' class='linksalpha_icon_twitter'><\/a><a href='\/\/www.linksalpha.com\/share?network='googleplus' class='linksalpha_icon_googleplus'><\/a><a href='\/\/www.linksalpha.com\/share?network='mail' class='linksalpha_icon_mail'><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;1,147&nbsp;total views Do poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovny dorazil vl\u00e1dn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh novely azylov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona. Dokument si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst zde. D\u016fvodovou zpr\u00e1vu zde. \u00a0Cituji \u010d\u00e1sti d\u016fvodov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 mne zaujaly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[34,7],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4947"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4947"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4947\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}