{"id":6328,"date":"2017-08-01T09:01:24","date_gmt":"2017-08-01T09:01:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=6328"},"modified":"2017-08-01T09:01:34","modified_gmt":"2017-08-01T09:01:34","slug":"zprava-o-vyvoji-evropske-unie-v-roce-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=6328","title":{"rendered":"Zpr\u00e1va o v\u00fdvoji Evropsk\u00e9 unie v roce 2016"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Upozor\u0148uji na dokument\u00a0Zpra\u0301va o vy\u0301voji Evropske\u0301 unie v roce 2016<\/a> a vyb\u00edr\u00e1m a cituji pas\u00e1\u017ee, kter\u00e9 mne zaujaly.<\/p>\n

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“Hlavn\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zcela z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovlivnila v\u00fdvoj EU, bylo jednozna\u010dn\u011b referendum o setrv\u00e1n\u00ed Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed v\u00a0EU. Britsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r David Cameron v\u0161elidov\u00e9 hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed vyhl\u00e1sil pot\u00e9, co se\u00a0na \u00fanorov\u00e9 Evropsk\u00e9 rad\u011b s\u00a0ostatn\u00edmi vedouc\u00edmi p\u0159edstaviteli EU domluvil na opat\u0159en\u00edch, kter\u00e1 by upevnila zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed postaven\u00ed sv\u00e9 zem\u011b v\u00a0r\u00e1mci EU. I p\u0159es tuto dohodu hlasovala 23. \u010dervna nadpolovi\u010dn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch voli\u010d\u016f Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed pro odchod sv\u00e9 zem\u011b z\u00a0EU. V\u00a0n\u00e1vaznosti na tento v\u00fdsledek aktivovala nov\u00e1 britsk\u00e1 premi\u00e9rka Theresa Mayov\u00e1 dne 29. b\u0159ezna 2017 \u010dl\u00e1nek 50 Smlouvy o Evropsk\u00e9 unii a zah\u00e1jila tak proces, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 ze Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed u\u010dinit historicky prvn\u00ed \u010dlenskou zemi, kter\u00e1 opust\u00ed Unii.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ostatn\u00edch 27 \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (d\u00e1le jen \u201eEU-27\u201c) v\u00a0reakci na tuto ud\u00e1lost zah\u00e1jilo debatu o budouc\u00edm sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Unie a mo\u017en\u00fdch reform\u00e1ch jej\u00edho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed. Proces politick\u00e9 reflexe byl na vrcholn\u00e9 \u00farovni zah\u00e1jen v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2016 na mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9m neform\u00e1ln\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u016f zem\u00ed EU-27 v\u00a0Bratislav\u011b. Bylo na n\u011bm p\u0159ijato tzv. Bratislavsk\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vymezilo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed linie budouc\u00edho sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed EU.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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O<\/span>rg\u00e1ny EU a \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty (d\u00e1le jen \u201e\u010cS\u201c)<\/span>\u00a0se<\/span>\u00a0v\u00a0roce 2016<\/span>\u00a0s<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00fasp\u011bchem<\/span>\u00a0vyrovn\u00e1valy s\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0migra\u010dn\u00ed kriz<\/span>\u00ed<\/span>a p\u0159ijaly \u0159adu<\/span>opa<\/span>t\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/span>ch\u00a0<\/span>k\u00a0efektivn\u00ed regulaci mno\u017estv\u00ed osob p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed<\/span>ch\u00a0<\/span>do<\/span>\u00a0EU<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>K\u00a0t\u011bm nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/span>m\u00a0<\/span>pat\u0159ilo<\/span>\u00a0sjedn\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/span>\u00a0mezi EU a<\/span>Tureckem<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0uzav\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1padobalk\u00e1nsk\u00e9 trasy pro neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed migraci,<\/span>\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed a spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>pohrani\u010dn\u00ed<\/span>\u00a0a pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed<\/span>\u00a0str\u00e1\u017ee<\/span>\u00a0\u010di posilov\u00e1n\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce EU s<\/span>t\u0159et\u00edmi zem\u011bmi\u00a0<\/span>p\u016fvodu a transitu,\u00a0<\/span>prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm tzv. migra\u010dn\u00edch kompakt\u016f<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>V\u00a0n\u00e1vaznosti na teroristick\u00e9 \u00fatoky, kter\u00e9 postihly mj. Francii, Belgii a N\u011bmecko<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span>se \u010cS<\/span>\u00a0shodly na nov\u00fdch p\u0159edpisech\u00a0<\/span>zjednodu\u0161uj\u00ed<\/span>c\u00ed<\/span>ch\u00a0<\/span>v\u00fdm\u011bnu informac\u00ed, omezuj\u00ed<\/span>c\u00ed<\/span>ch\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159\u00edstup ke zbran\u00edm \u010di posiluj\u00ed<\/span>c\u00ed<\/span>ch\u00a0<\/span>pravomoci agentury Europol.”<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

“Vztahy mezi EU a\u00a0Tureckem<\/b>\u00a0z\u00edskaly v\u00a0prvn\u00edm \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed roku 2016 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd impuls uzav\u0159en\u00edm Spole\u010dn\u00e9ho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed EU-Turecko z\u00a018. b\u0159ezna. Ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b roku byly vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 vztahy v\u0161ak v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivn\u011bny d\u016fsledky ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho pokusu o vojensk\u00fd p\u0159evrat v\u00a0\u010dervenci 2016. Opat\u0159en\u00ed tureck\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy byla na stran\u011b EU p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b hodnocena jako nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1. P\u0159esto Turecko z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0mnoha oblastech kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm partnerem Evropsk\u00e9 unie.”<\/p>\n

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“Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t<\/b><\/p>\n

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EK dne 13. ledna 2016 zah\u00e1jila (historicky prvn\u00ed) strukturovan\u00fd dialog k\u00a0prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sad pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu s\u00a0n\u011bkterou z\u00a0\u010cS.\u00a0Vlastn\u00ed mechanismus dohledu nad dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1sad pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu EK aplikovala na Polsko (PL).<\/b>\u00a0N\u00e1sledn\u011b v\u00a0n\u00e1vaznosti na vyhodnocen\u00ed relevantn\u00edch informac\u00ed nejprve zaslala PL dne 1.\u00a0\u010dervna 2016 neve\u0159ejn\u00e9 stanovisko, pot\u00e9 dne 27. \u010dervence 2016 adresovala PL soubor konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch doporu\u010den\u00ed. V\u00fdhrady EK sm\u011b\u0159ovaly zejm\u00e9na k novele z\u00e1kona o \u00fastavn\u00edm soudu, ke jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed soudc\u016f \u00fastavn\u00edho soudu a k efektivit\u011b fungov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00edho soudu a \u00fastavn\u00edho p\u0159ezkumu nov\u00e9 legislativy. V\u00a0odpov\u011bdi polsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da odm\u00edtla doporu\u010den\u00ed EK pro neopodstatn\u011bnost a nesoulad s\u00a0\u00fastavou PL. Dne 21.\u00a0prosince 2016 EK potvrdila, \u017ee v\u00a0PL syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu trv\u00e1 a p\u0159ijala dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f i probl\u00e9m\u016f nov\u00fdch a vyzvala PL k\u00a0jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed do 2 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f; z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159ipomn\u011bla, \u017ee v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neuspokojiv\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00e1\u017eit mo\u017enost spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed procedury podle \u010dl. 7 SEU.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Problematikou se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 i EP, kter\u00fd dne 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2016 p\u0159ijal usnesen\u00ed o \u201eVytvo\u0159en\u00ed mechanismu EU pro demokracii, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1va\u201c<\/b>. Ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed iniciativa EP obsahuje doporu\u010den\u00ed EK, aby do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2017 p\u0159edlo\u017eila na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u010dl. 295 SFEU n\u00e1vrh na uzav\u0159en\u00ed interinstitucion\u00e1ln\u00ed dohody (Pakt Unie o demokracii, pr\u00e1vn\u00edm st\u00e1tu a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1vech), kter\u00e1 by vytvo\u0159ila komplexn\u00ed mechanismus Unie zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 akt\u00e9ry a\u00a0sjednocuj\u00edc\u00ed a dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed v\u0161echny st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed mechanismy. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem by podle EP m\u011bla b\u00fdt prevence poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed hodnot Unie a jeho n\u00e1prava, m\u011bla by v\u0161ak zahrnovat i p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 sankce.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 politika<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Za NL PRES zah\u00e1jila EK \u0161irokou diskusi o podob\u011b\u00a0Kosmick\u00e9 strategie p<\/b>ro Evropu<\/b>, do kter\u00e9 zapojila\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kosmick\u00e9 agentury, podniky, v\u00fdzkumnou sf\u00e9ru i ob\u010dany.<\/span>\u00a0NL PRES se rozhodlo nav\u00e1zat na iniciativu LU PRES pro obnoven\u00ed \u010dinnosti platformy Space Council a dne 30. kv\u011btna 2016 uspo\u0159\u00e1dalo v\u00a0Haagu\u00a0 neform\u00e1ln\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed ministr\u016f pro vesm\u00edrnou politiku \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU a ESA. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem tohoto neform\u00e1ln\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed byla diskuse o podstat\u011b a sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Kosmick\u00e9 strategie pro Evropu. Za NL PRES prob\u011bhlo prvn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00a0p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b Kosmick\u00e9 strategie pro Evropu na vysok\u00e9 \u00farovni.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Jednotn\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed trh<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Rok 2016 byl kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm pro napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f obsa\u017een\u00fdch ve sd\u011blen\u00ed EK z\u00a0kv\u011btna 2015 o\u00a0Strategii pro jednotn\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed trh<\/b>\u00a0(Digital Single Market – DSM, d\u00e1le jen \u201eStrategie\u201c), jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je dosa\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00edho pokroku na cest\u011b k jednotn\u00e9mu digit\u00e1ln\u00edmu trhu EU odstran\u011bn\u00edm p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek, kter\u00e9 mu br\u00e1n\u00ed. S\u00a0budov\u00e1n\u00edm jednotn\u00e9ho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho trhu souvis\u00ed iniciativy, kter\u00e9 jsou bl\u00ed\u017ee popsan\u00e9 v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch kapitol\u00e1ch tohoto materi\u00e1lu. Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o iniciativy z\u00a0oblasti elektronick\u00e9ho obchodu, autorskopr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce, pr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce pro elektronick\u00e9 komunikace a roaming, ochrany spot\u0159ebitele v\u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dob\u011b, digitalizace evropsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, ochrany osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f a kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Jedn\u00edm z c\u00edl\u016f Strategie je tak\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry a pos\u00edlen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v\u00a0oblasti digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eeb. Strategie pro jednotn\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed trh rovn\u011b\u017e ozn\u00e1mila p\u0159ezkum sm\u011brnice 2002\/58\/ES (\u201esm\u011brnice o soukrom\u00ed a elektronick\u00fdch komunikac\u00edch<\/b>\u201c) s c\u00edlem poskytnout u\u017eivatel\u016fm slu\u017eeb elektronick\u00fdch komunikac\u00ed vysokou \u00farove\u0148 ochrany soukrom\u00ed a nastolit rovn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro v\u0161echny \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky trhu.<\/span>N\u00e1vrh tzv. ePrivacy na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed EK zve\u0159ejnila v\u00a0lednu 2017.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V dubnu 2016 byl p\u0159ijat\u00a0Ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n pro\u00a0eGovernment: Urychlov\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed transformace ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy\u201c<\/b>\u00a0(eGAP), kter\u00fd m\u00e1 za c\u00edl podpo\u0159it rozvoj elektronizace ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni. C\u00edlem nov\u00e9ho ak\u010dn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu je modernizovat ve\u0159ejnou spr\u00e1vu, dos\u00e1hnout jednotn\u00e9ho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho trhu a zapojit v\u00edce ob\u010dany a podniky p\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed vysoce kvalitn\u00edch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. Usnesen\u00ed Sen\u00e1tu P\u010cR \u010d. 480 ze dne 15. \u010dervna 2016 k\u00a0eGAP je p\u0159i jedn\u00e1n\u00edch \u0158\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho v\u00fdboru pro eGAP v\u00a0pln\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159i respektov\u00e1no.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00a0prosinci 2016 vstoupila v\u00a0platnost\u00a0sm\u011brnice o p\u0159\u00edstupnosti internetov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek a mobiln\u00edch aplikac\u00ed subjekt\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho sektoru<\/b><\/a>\u00a0s\u00a0\u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed od z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2018. Sm\u011brnice EU m\u00e1 za c\u00edl sbl\u00ed\u017eit legislativn\u00ed r\u00e1mce \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v\u00a0ot\u00e1zce p\u0159\u00edstupnosti internetov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek a mobiln\u00edch aplikac\u00ed subjekt\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho sektoru tak, aby informace a\u00a0slu\u017eby ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho sektoru mohly v maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e vyu\u017e\u00edvat i\u00a0osoby se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed avizovan\u00e9 iniciativy k\u00a0voln\u00e9mu toku dat EK odlo\u017eila na za\u010d\u00e1tek roku 2017 a v\u00a0lednu 2017 vydala\u00a0sd\u011blen\u00ed \u201eBudov\u00e1n\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 ekonomiky zalo\u017een\u00e9 na datech\u201c. To p\u0159edstavuje politick\u00e9 a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kroky, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed nastartovat evropskou datovou ekonomiku.<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Azylov\u00e1 a migra\u010dn\u00ed politika<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V \u00a0b\u0159eznu 2016\u00a0p\u0159ijali<\/b>\u00a0\u010deln\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1<\/b>t<\/b>\u016f EU<\/b>a tureck\u00fd premi\u00e9r spole\u010dn\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/b>, jeho\u017e obsahem je prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkolika opat\u0159en\u00ed vedouc\u00edch k zamezen\u00ed neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed migrace z\u00a0Turecka do EU. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed v\u0161ichni nov\u00ed neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed migranti, kte\u0159\u00ed se dostanou na \u0159eck\u00e9 ostrovy, budou vr\u00e1ceni do Turecka, a to v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem a\u00a0principem\u00a0non-refoulement<\/i>. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 za\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9ho takto vr\u00e1cen\u00e9ho Sy\u0159ana by m\u011bl b\u00fdt jin\u00fd Sy\u0159an p\u0159es\u00eddlen z\u00a0Turecka do EU (tzv.\u00a0mechanismus 1:1). Z\u00e1stupci \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f d\u00e1le p\u0159isl\u00edbili poskytnout 3 mld. EUR do n\u00e1stroje pro uprchl\u00edky v\u00a0Turecku pro roky 2016-2017 s\u00a0mo\u017en\u00fdm nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm o dal\u0161\u00ed 3 mld. EUR v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch letech, pokud dojde ke spln\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech podm\u00ednek. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed se t\u00e9\u017e stalo prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o liberalizaci v\u00edzov\u00e9 povinnosti pro ob\u010dany Turecka za spln\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech podm\u00ednek a pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed integra\u010dn\u00edch hovor\u016f o vstupu do EU. N\u00e1sledkem spole\u010dn\u00e9ho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00a0d\u016fsledku faktick\u00e9ho omezen\u00ed pr\u016fchodnosti z\u00e1padobalk\u00e1nsk\u00e9 migra\u010dn\u00ed trasy, do\u0161lo k\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed po\u010dtu p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00edch osob z\u00a0Turecka do \u0158ecka a tedy ke stabilizaci stavu ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edm St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Zat\u00edmco na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e9 trase do\u0161lo v\u00a0roce 2016 k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed po\u010dtu p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00edch migrant\u016f, celkovou situaci na centr\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e9 trase (s It\u00e1li\u00ed jako vstupn\u00edm bodem) se vy\u0159e\u0161it st\u00e1le nepoda\u0159ilo. Jako nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bod pro vyplut\u00ed z Afriky byla i nad\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na Libye, n\u00e1sledov\u00e1na Egyptem a Tureckem. Probl\u00e9mem z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na neschopnost EU a jej\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f vracet do zem\u00ed p\u016fvodu (nebo tranzitu) migranty, kte\u0159\u00ed se v EU nekvalifikuj\u00ed pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochranu. It\u00e1lie v\u00a0kv\u011btnu 2016 iniciovala vznik tzv.\u00a0migra\u010dn\u00edch kompakt\u016f<\/b>\u00a0se snahou podn\u00edtit aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a u\u017e\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci s t\u0159et\u00edmi zem\u011bmi v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti. EK na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u00e9to iniciativy v\u00a0\u010dervnu 2016 p\u0159edstavila nov\u00fd\u00a0R\u00e1mec pro partnerstv\u00ed se t\u0159et\u00edmi zem\u011bmi<\/b>, kter\u00fd je zac\u00edlen na p\u011bt kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch africk\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u016fvodu a tranzitu (Mali, Nig\u00e9rii, Senegal, Etiopii a Niger). \u010cR se ztoto\u017e\u0148uje s\u00a0pot\u0159ebou zam\u011b\u0159it se na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed prvotn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed migrace. V\u00a0souladu s usnesen\u00edm Sen\u00e1tu P\u010cR \u010d. 516 z\u00a024.\u00a0srpna 2016 v\u0161ak \u010cR po\u017eaduje, aby byla pos\u00edlen\u00e1 podpora t\u0159et\u00edm zem\u00edm ze strany EU bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u011b podm\u00edn\u011bna pln\u011bn\u00edm jejich z\u00e1vazk\u016f zejm\u00e9na v oblasti n\u00e1vrat\u016f neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch migrant\u016f \u010di pot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed aktivit pa\u0161er\u00e1ck\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed. Usnesen\u00ed VEZ PS P\u010cR \u010d. 309 z\u00a022. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2016 podpo\u0159ilo pozici vl\u00e1dy \u010cR, dle kter\u00e9 by se spolupr\u00e1ce m\u011bla zam\u011b\u0159it tak\u00e9 na dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed zem\u011b kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 z\u00a0hlediska zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00edch tok\u016f, jako jsou Jord\u00e1nsko, Libanon, Tunisko \u010di Egypt.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu 2016 byl schv\u00e1len n\u00e1vrh\u00a0na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o evropsk\u00e9m cestovn\u00edm dokladu pro n\u00e1vrat neleg\u00e1ln\u011b pob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed<\/b>\u00a0s\u00a0c\u00edlem usnadnit realizaci n\u00e1vrat\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed. Tento p\u0159edpis zav\u00e1d\u00ed\u00a0jednotn\u00fd form\u00e1t a\u00a0pos\u00edlen\u00e9 technick\u00e9 a ochrann\u00e9 prvky, \u010d\u00edm\u017e m\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u011bt ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed m\u00edry uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto evropsk\u00e9ho cestovn\u00edho dokladu ze strany t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadech readmise. \u010cR p\u0159ijet\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu podpo\u0159ila, je v\u0161ak skeptick\u00e1 ohledn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9ho z\u00e1sadn\u00edho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed efektivity realizace n\u00e1vrat\u016f. S\u00a0t\u00edmto stanoviskem se ztoto\u017enil ve sv\u00e9m usnesen\u00ed \u010d. 229 ze 4. \u00fanora 2016 i V\u00fdbor pro evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti Poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovny P\u010cR.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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S\u00a0c\u00edlem reformovat\u00a0spole\u010dn\u00fd evropsk\u00fd azylov\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/b>\u00a0(SEAS) vydala EK v kv\u011btnu 2016 v r\u00e1mci tzv. prvn\u00edho azylov\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku n\u00e1vrhy novely dublinsk\u00e9ho na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k datab\u00e1zi Eurodac a n\u00e1vrh na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed posiluj\u00edc\u00edho mand\u00e1t Evropsk\u00e9ho podp\u016frn\u00e9ho azylov\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu (EASO), kter\u00fd by se m\u011bl nov\u011b naz\u00fdvat Agentura EU pro ot\u00e1zky azylu. N\u00e1sledn\u011b v\u00a0\u010dervenci EK p\u0159edstavila tzv.\u00a0druh\u00fd azylov\u00fd bal\u00ed\u010dek, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e navrhla na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ustavuj\u00edc\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fd r\u00e1mec EU pro p\u0159es\u00eddlov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159edstavila revizi t\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch azylov\u00fdch p\u0159edpis\u016f. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b EK navrhla nahradit sm\u011brnici o azylov\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed sm\u011brnici na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi a p\u0159edlo\u017eila n\u00e1vrh novely sm\u011brnice o podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eadatel\u016f o\u00a0azyl. U\u00a0n\u00e1vrhu na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o\u00a0syst\u00e9mu Eurodac a n\u00e1vrhu na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o Agentu\u0159e EU pro ot\u00e1zky azylu se ji\u017e v\u00a0prosinci 2016 poda\u0159ilo dos\u00e1hnout\u00a0\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho obecn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, kter\u00fd oprav\u0148uje zah\u00e1jit trialog s EP. Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy jsou projedn\u00e1v\u00e1ny na \u00farovni pracovn\u00ed skupiny Rady. Ve snaze naj\u00edt konsensus mezi \u010cS podporuj\u00edc\u00edmi a odm\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00edmi zaveden\u00ed povinn\u00e9ho aloka\u010dn\u00edho mechanismu jako sou\u010d\u00e1st dublinsk\u00e9ho na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed SK PRES otev\u0159elo diskusi o\u00a0tzv. flexibiln\u00ed solidarit\u011b, s\u00a0c\u00edlem nal\u00e9zt mo\u017enost nahrazen\u00ed povinn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti v\u00a0reloka\u010dn\u00edm mechanismu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho zapojen\u00ed se v\u00a0jin\u00fdch oblastech (nap\u0159. person\u00e1ln\u00ed, technick\u00e1 \u010di finan\u010dn\u00ed pomoc). Nal\u00e9zt p\u0159ijateln\u00fd kompromis se v\u0161ak st\u00e1le nepoda\u0159ilo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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EK tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho, transparentn\u00edho a p\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho syst\u00e9mu leg\u00e1ln\u00ed migrace jako z\u00e1kladn\u00edho p\u0159edpokladu \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed migrace. V\u00a0t\u00e9to souvislosti\u00a0p\u0159edlo\u017eila EK v\u00a0\u010dervnu 2016 n\u00e1vrh na\u00a0revizi sm\u011brnice o\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch vstupu a pobytu st\u00e1tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem v\u00fdkonu zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edho vysokou kvalifikaci (tzv.\u00a0\u201emodr\u00e1 karta\u201c)<\/b>. N\u00e1vrh je v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou pracovn\u00ed skupinou Rady. \u010cR je skeptick\u00e1 ohledn\u011b pot\u0159eby dal\u0161\u00ed regulace v\u00a0oblasti leg\u00e1ln\u00ed migrace a podporuje sp\u00ed\u0161e posilov\u00e1n\u00ed praktick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti. Pozice vl\u00e1dy \u010cR k\u00a0t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce je v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0usnesen\u00edm Sen\u00e1tu P\u010cR \u010d. 517 ze dne 24.\u00a0srpna 2016 a usnesen\u00edm VEZ\u00a0PS\u00a0P\u010cR \u010d.\u00a0298 ze dne\u00a01. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2016, dle kter\u00fdch je n\u00e1vrh sm\u011brnice v\u00a0rozporu s\u00a0principem subsidiarity.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00a0\u010dervnu 2016 p\u0159edstavila EK\u00a0Ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n pro integraci st\u00e1tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed<\/b>, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl pomoci \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00edm v rozvoji a pos\u00edlen\u00ed jejich integra\u010dn\u00edch politik a kter\u00fd zd\u016fraz\u0148uje p\u0159ipravenost EK poskytnout politickou, opera\u010dn\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed podporu v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti. \u010cR je dlouhodob\u011b v oblasti integrace cizinc\u016f zdr\u017eenliv\u00e1 k n\u00e1vrh\u016fm, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b mohly v\u00e9st k zes\u00edlen\u00ed role EK na \u00fakor n\u00e1rodn\u00ed suverenity v t\u00e9to oblasti. Sen\u00e1t P\u010cR v\u00a0usnesen\u00ed \u010d. 547 ze dne 19. \u0159\u00edjna 2016 tento p\u0159\u00edstup podpo\u0159il s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee EU by v oblasti integrace m\u011bla p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm podporovat a usnad\u0148ovat vz\u00e1jemnou spolupr\u00e1ci \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, sd\u00edlen\u00ed praktick\u00fdch zku\u0161enost\u00ed \u010di v\u00fdm\u011bnu osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdch postup\u016f a nem\u011bla by zasahovat do jejich pravomoc\u00ed. V\u00a0souladu s\u00a0pozic\u00ed vl\u00e1dy \u010cR vyj\u00e1d\u0159il ve\u00a0sv\u00e9m usnesen\u00ed \u010d. 299 ze dne 1. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2016 VEZ PS P\u010cR znepokojen\u00ed nad t\u00edm, \u017ee Ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n vypracovala EK zcela samostatn\u011b bez p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Schengen<\/b><\/span>sk\u00fd prostor<\/b><\/span>a ochrana hranic<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V \u0159\u00edjnu 2016 vstoupilo v\u00a0platnost na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o\u00a0Evropsk\u00e9 pohrani\u010dn\u00ed a\u00a0pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ei (EBCG)<\/b>. EBCG sest\u00e1v\u00e1 z Evropsk\u00e9 agentury pro pohrani\u010dn\u00ed a pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017e (agentura Frontex s\u00a0roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdmi \u00fakoly) a org\u00e1n\u016f \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f odpov\u011bdn\u00fdch za spr\u00e1vu hranic. Jej\u00edm hlavn\u00edm \u00fakolem je napom\u00e1hat p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed integrovan\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hranic a zaji\u0161\u0165ovat \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00edch tok\u016f a vysokou \u00farove\u0148 bezpe\u010dnosti v\u00a0EU. VEZ PS P\u010cR ve sv\u00e9m usnesen\u00ed \u010d. 231 ze dne 4.\u00a0\u00fanora 2016 ve shod\u011b s\u00a0vl\u00e1dou \u010cR uv\u00edtal p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu tohoto na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b trval na tom, \u017ee fungov\u00e1n\u00ed EBCG nesm\u00ed zasahovat do v\u00fdkonu odpov\u011bdnosti \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f za udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho po\u0159\u00e1dku na sv\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed podle \u010dl. 72 SFEU. Obdobnou p\u0159ipom\u00ednku uplatnil ve sv\u00e9m 336. usnesen\u00ed ze dne 2.\u00a0b\u0159ezna 2016 i Sen\u00e1t P\u010cR. \u010cR p\u0159i projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed postupovala dle uveden\u00fdch usnesen\u00ed. V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 verze n\u00e1vrhu na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tyto p\u0159ipom\u00ednky uspokojiv\u011b zohlednila.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V dubnu 2016 byl v\u00a0r\u00e1mci konceptu tzv. inteligentn\u00edch hranic p\u0159edlo\u017een n\u00e1vrh na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k\u00a0syst\u00e9mu vstupu a v\u00fdstupu (EES)<\/b>\u00a0a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1vrh na zm\u011bnu Schengensk\u00e9ho hrani\u010dn\u00edho kodexu. C\u00edlem EES je zlep\u0161it kvalitu hrani\u010dn\u00edch kontrol st\u00e1tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed a zajistit systematickou a spolehlivou identifikaci osob, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010dily dobu povolen\u00e9ho pobytu v\u00a0schengensk\u00e9m prostoru. Sen\u00e1t P\u010cR ve sv\u00e9m usnesen\u00ed \u010d. 479 z\u00a01. \u010dervna 2016 vyj\u00e1d\u0159il po\u017eadavek, aby v syst\u00e9mu EES byly registrov\u00e1ny v\u0161echny osoby p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed hranice EU, v\u010detn\u011b osob po\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch pr\u00e1vo voln\u00e9ho pohybu uvnit\u0159 EU, a to zejm\u00e9na s ohledem na tzv.\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00ed bojovn\u00edky, ani\u017e by v\u0161ak z\u00e1rove\u0148 doch\u00e1zelo k\u00a0omezov\u00e1n\u00ed svobody pohybu. Ve\u00a0sv\u00e9m usnesen\u00ed \u010d. 295 ze dne 1. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2016 VEZ PS P\u010cR p\u0159iv\u00edtal upu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od z\u00e1m\u011bru z\u0159\u00eddit program registrovan\u00fdch cestuj\u00edc\u00edch (RTP) na celounijn\u00ed \u00farovni a s n\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00ed zakotven\u00ed mo\u017enosti zav\u00e1d\u011bt facilita\u010dn\u00ed programy z iniciativy jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. P\u0159ipom\u00ednky obou komor P\u010cR byly p\u0159i projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zohledn\u011bny v\u00a0pozici \u010cR.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V listopadu 2016 p\u0159edlo\u017eila EK n\u00e1vrh na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edho se\u00a0Evropsk\u00e9ho informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu pro cestovn\u00ed povolen\u00ed<\/b>(ETIAS)<\/b>, evropsk\u00e9 obdoby syst\u00e9mu ESTA. C\u00edlem je vytvo\u0159it automatick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd bude shroma\u017e\u010fovat a vyhodnocovat informace o st\u00e1tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edc\u00edch t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed cestu do EU a kte\u0159\u00ed nepodl\u00e9haj\u00ed v\u00edzov\u00e9 povinnosti pro kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 pobyty. Syst\u00e9m tak umo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017enou kontrolu na z\u00e1klad\u011b prov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00edch, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch a zdravotn\u00edch rizik spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0cestami t\u011bchto osob do EU. V\u00a0prosinci 2016 za\u010dalo projedn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o ETIAS na pracovn\u00ed skupin\u011b Rady s\u00a0c\u00edlem dosa\u017een\u00ed dohody do konce roku 2017.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00a0prosinci 2016 EK zve\u0159ejnila evalua\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu k\u00a0Schengensk\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu druh\u00e9 generace (SIS II) a legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy k\u00a0revizi Schengensk\u00e9ho informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu<\/b>\u00a0SIS\u00a0II<\/b>, jej\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1m\u011brem je, aby syst\u00e9m efektivn\u011bji p\u0159isp\u00edval k boji proti terorismu, p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00ed kriminalit\u011b a neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed migraci. Revize se t\u00fdk\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na dopln\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00fdch funkcionalit syst\u00e9mu, mj. implementace automatizovan\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed otisk\u016f prst\u016f (AFIS) do SIS II. Diskuse o\u00a0t\u011bchto n\u00e1vrz\u00edch bude d\u00e1le pokra\u010dovat v\u00a0roce 2017.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00a0souvislosti se st\u00e1le neuspokojivou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed situac\u00ed v\u00a0Evrop\u011b ovlivn\u011bnou migra\u010dn\u00ed kriz\u00ed a teroristick\u00fdmi \u00fatoky\u00a0n\u011bkolik \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v\u00a0roce 2016 i nad\u00e1le prov\u00e1d\u011blo do\u010dasn\u00e9 kontroly na ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u00fasec\u00edch vnit\u0159n\u00edch hranic schengensk\u00e9ho prostoru<\/b>\u00a0(D\u00e1nsko, N\u011bmecko, Rakousko \u0160v\u00e9dsko a p\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9 Norsko; v\u00a0r\u00e1mci nouzov\u00e9ho stavu po teroristick\u00fdch \u00fatoc\u00edch t\u00e9\u017e Francie). Tyto kontroly byly naposledy prodlou\u017eeny o dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce v\u00a0\u00fanoru 2017. Ve sv\u011btle t\u011bchto opat\u0159en\u00ed vydala EK v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 2016 formou sd\u011blen\u00ed\u00a0Pl\u00e1n n\u00e1vratu k\u00a0Schengenu<\/b>, ve snaze zajistit n\u00e1vrat k\u00a0norm\u00e1ln\u00edmu fungov\u00e1n\u00ed schengensk\u00e9ho prostoru bez kontrol na vnit\u0159n\u00edch hranic\u00edch, a to nejpozd\u011bji v listopadu 2016. Tento c\u00edl se v\u0161ak nepoda\u0159ilo naplnit. VEZ PS P\u010cR ve sv\u00e9m usnesen\u00ed \u010d. 271 z\u00a028.\u00a0dubna 2016 podpo\u0159il pozici vl\u00e1dy \u010cR, dle kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuje zachov\u00e1n\u00ed schengensk\u00e9ho prostoru bez kontrol na vnit\u0159n\u00edch hranic\u00edch pro \u010cR kl\u00ed\u010dovou a dlouhodobou prioritu s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba nahradit sou\u010dasnou praxi jednostrann\u00e9ho zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed kontrol na vnit\u0159n\u00edch hranic\u00edch ze\u00a0strany \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f koordinovan\u00fdm postupem podle \u010dl. 26 Schengensk\u00e9ho hrani\u010dn\u00edho kodexu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho roku 2016 byl projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00a0n\u00e1vrh novely Schengensk\u00e9ho hrani\u010dn\u00edho kodexu za \u00fa\u010delem zaveden\u00ed systematick\u00fdch kontrol na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hranic\u00edch<\/b>, kter\u00fd EK p\u0159edlo\u017eila v\u00a0prosinci 2015. Reagovala tak na n\u00e1r\u016fst teroristick\u00fdch hrozeb a na v\u00fdzvu Rady z\u00a0listopadu 2015 v kontextu reakce na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed teroristick\u00e9 bojovn\u00edky. Jedn\u00e1 se o zaveden\u00ed povinnosti prov\u00e1d\u011bt systematick\u00e9 kontroly v\u0161ech osob, v\u010detn\u011b osob po\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch pr\u00e1va na voln\u00fd pohyb podle pr\u00e1va EU, p\u0159i p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hranic, za pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch datab\u00e1z\u00ed. VEZ PS P\u010cR v\u00a0usnesen\u00ed \u010d.\u00a0230 ze dne 4. \u00fanora 2016 a Sen\u00e1t P\u010cR ve sv\u00e9m usnesen\u00ed \u010d. 337 ze dne 2. b\u0159ezna 2016 n\u00e1vrh uv\u00edtaly jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj boje proti zahrani\u010dn\u00edm teroristick\u00fdm bojovn\u00edk\u016fm. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak upozornily na to, \u017ee k zaveden\u00ed systematick\u00fdch kontrol na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hranic\u00edch m\u011bla EK p\u0159istoupit ji\u017e mnohem d\u0159\u00edve. N\u00e1vrh na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed byl schv\u00e1len v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 2017.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost<\/b><\/span>a policejn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00a0pr<\/span>\u016f<\/span>b\u011bhu roku 2016 do\u0161lo na \u00fazem\u00ed EU k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm teroristick\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm, nap\u0159. v\u00a0b\u0159eznu na leti\u0161ti v\u00a0Bruselu, v\u00a0\u010dervenci v\u00a0Nice \u010di v\u00a0prosinci na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm trhu v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b.<\/span>\u00a0\u00datoky provedli bu\u010f p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci islamistick\u00fdch teroristick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed nebo jednotlivci, a\u0165 u\u017e navr\u00e1tiv\u0161\u00ed se zahrani\u010dn\u00ed teroristi\u010dt\u00ed bojovn\u00edci \u010di nov\u011b radikalizovan\u00ed stoupenci\u00a0Daesh,\u00a0al-K\u00e1idy \u010di jin\u00fdch teroristick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Boj proti terorismu tak i nad\u00e1le z\u016fstal jedn\u00edm z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch t\u00e9mat projedn\u00e1van\u00fdch v\u00a0r\u00e1mci EU. Pozornost se soust\u0159edila zejm\u00e9na na<\/span>\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed\u00a0rozvoj v\u00fdm\u011bny informac\u00ed<\/b>\u00a0a interoperability informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a datab\u00e1z\u00ed<\/b>. Minist\u0159i vnitra se shodli na pot\u0159eb\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00ed integrovan\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 architektury informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f v\u00a0oblasti spravedlnosti a vnit\u0159n\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed a podpo\u0159ili p\u0159\u00edstup donucovac\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f do v\u0161ech relevantn\u00edch datab\u00e1z\u00ed. \u0158e\u0161ila se tak\u00e9 ot\u00e1zka pot\u0159eby systematick\u00e9ho dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed a\u00a0d\u016fsledn\u00e9ho vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch a\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch datab\u00e1z\u00ed zejm\u00e9na, pokud jde o problematiku zahrani\u010dn\u00edch teroristick\u00fdch bojovn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V \u010dervnu 2016 Rada schv\u00e1lila\u00a0Pl\u00e1n<\/b>\u00a0(<\/b>roadmap<\/i><\/b>) na<\/b>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bny a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed informac\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed interoperability v\u00a0oblasti spravedlnosti a vnit\u0159n\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed<\/b>. Tento dokument obsahuje specifick\u00e9 a praktick\u00e9 akce k pos\u00edlen\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v\u00fdm\u011bny informac\u00ed v oblasti spravedlnosti a vnit\u0159n\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed a poskytuje ucelen\u00fd r\u00e1mec pro integrovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed architekturu EU.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Pokud se jedn\u00e1 o prevenci radikalizace, v r\u00e1mci\u00a0S\u00edt\u011b pro zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed o radikalizaci (RAN)<\/b>\u00a0byla zah\u00e1jena \u010dinnost nov\u00e9 platformy RAN pro mlad\u00e9 (\u201eRAN Young\u201c<\/i>), je\u017e se zam\u011b\u0159uje na mlad\u00e9 lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou hlavn\u00ed c\u00edlovou skupinou pro osoby prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1bor terorist\u016f. S\u00ed\u0165 RAN rovn\u011b\u017e zve\u0159ejnila rozs\u00e1hlou p\u0159\u00edru\u010dku t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se \u0161kolic\u00edch program\u016f pro policisty v Evrop\u011b, kter\u00e1 se vztahuje k r\u016fzn\u00fdm aspekt\u016fm radikalizace.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Prevence radikalizace znamen\u00e1 tak\u00e9 znep\u0159\u00edstupnit internetov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky propagandy, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed terorist\u00e9 k \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00fdch my\u0161lenek. Dne 8. prosince 2016 uspo\u0159\u00e1dala EK\u00a0druh\u00e9 internetov\u00e9 f\u00f3rum EU<\/b>, na n\u011bm\u017e se se\u0161li z\u00e1stupci EK, \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, agentury Europol a\u00a0p\u0159edn\u00edch internetov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Na zased\u00e1n\u00ed byla z\u0159\u00edzena nov\u00e1 spole\u010dn\u00e1 platforma pro oznamov\u00e1n\u00ed teroristick\u00e9ho obsahu internetu s c\u00edlem urychlit jeho odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm prvkem boje proti terorismu je\u00a0p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f o jmenn\u00e9 evidenci cestuj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00a0leteck\u00e9 doprav\u011b<\/b>\u00a0(Passenger Name Records<\/i>– PNR<\/i>). V\u00a0dubnu 2016 byla po letech obstrukc\u00ed v\u00a0EP kone\u010dn\u011b schv\u00e1lena\u00a0sm\u011brnice o EU PNR.<\/b>\u00a0Dle t\u00e9to sm\u011brnice budou lete\u010dt\u00ed dopravci v\u00a0r\u00e1mci prevence, odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed, vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed terorismu a z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti povinni p\u0159ed\u00e1vat kompetentn\u00edm org\u00e1n\u016fm \u00fadaje, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskali v r\u00e1mci rezervace, koup\u011b letenky a odbaven\u00ed cestuj\u00edc\u00edch. Sm\u011brnice by m\u011bla b\u00fdt transponov\u00e1na do n\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f do kv\u011btna 2018.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Europol<\/b>\u00a0zah\u00e1jil v\u00a0lednu 2016 \u010dinnost nov\u00e9ho\u00a0Evropsk\u00e9ho centra<\/b>pro boj proti terorismu<\/b>\u00a0(European Counter Terrorism Centre<\/i>–<\/i>ECTC<\/i>), kter\u00e9 napom\u00e1h\u00e1 \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm v\u00a0efektivn\u00edm boji proti terorismu. \u00dakolem centra je zejm\u00e9na lep\u0161\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00ed informac\u00ed, pomoc p\u0159i p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed teroristick\u00fdch \u010din\u016f \u010di koordinace spole\u010dn\u00e9 reakce EU v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch teroristick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f. V\u00a0\u00fanoru 2016 pak zah\u00e1jilo \u010dinnost\u00a0Evropsk\u00e9 c<\/b>entrum<\/b>\u00a0pro boj<\/b>\u00a0proti<\/b>\u00a0p\u0159evad\u011b\u010dstv\u00ed<\/b>\u00a0(European Migrant Smuggling Centre<\/i>–<\/i>EMSC<\/i>), jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je poskytovat podporu \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm v\u00a0boji proti p\u0159evad\u011b\u010d\u016fm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Po t\u0159ech letech projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed bylo v\u00a0kv\u011btnu 2016 schv\u00e1leno\u00a0na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o Agentu\u0159e EU pro spolupr\u00e1ci v oblasti prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va (Europol),<\/b>\u010d\u00edm\u017e do\u0161lo k\u00a0pos\u00edlen\u00ed pravomoc\u00ed t\u00e9to agentury. D\u00edky nov\u00e9mu na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enosti Europolu v boji proti terorismu, po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 kriminalit\u011b a jin\u00fdm trestn\u00fdm \u010din\u016fm, zlep\u0161\u00ed se rovn\u011b\u017e spolupr\u00e1ce mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty a Europolem. Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vstoup\u00ed v platnost\u00a01. kv\u011btna 2017.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho roku 2016 byla intenzivn\u011b projedn\u00e1v\u00e1na\u00a0revize sm\u011brnice o\u00a0<\/b>kontrole nab\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed a dr\u017een\u00ed\u00a0<\/b>zbran\u00ed<\/b>, kterou p\u0159edlo\u017eila EK po teroristick\u00fdch \u00fatoc\u00edch v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei v\u00a0listopadu 2015. N\u00e1vrh obsahoval \u0159adu zm\u011bn, nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch bodech se jednalo o pro \u010cR naprosto nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9 a v\u011bcn\u011b neod\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00e9 restrikce. \u010cR se aktivn\u011b zapojovala do projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu a v souladu s usnesen\u00edm V\u00fdboru pro z\u00e1le\u017eitosti EU Sen\u00e1tu P\u010cR \u010d. 156 ze dne 1. b\u0159ezna 2017 a usnesen\u00edm VEZ PS P\u010cR \u010d. 1190 ze dne 20. dubna 2017 p\u0159edkl\u00e1dala alternativn\u00ed konstruktivn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak byly akceptov\u00e1ny jen minim\u00e1ln\u011b. Z\u00a0tohoto d\u016fvodu \u010cR v Rad\u011b hlasovala proti p\u0159ijet\u00ed sm\u011brnice. V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 dohoda mezi Radou a EP byla dosa\u017eena v\u00a0prosinci 2016. V\u00fdhrady \u010cR byly t\u00e9\u017e p\u0159edlo\u017eeny formou deklarac\u00ed k\u00a0n\u00e1vrhu sm\u011brnice. N\u00e1sledn\u011b pak dne 14. b\u0159ezna 2017 EP s\u00a0dohodnut\u00fdm n\u00e1vrhem sm\u011brnice potvrdil souhlas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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 1,365 total views Upozor\u0148uji na dokument\u00a0Zpra\u0301va o vy\u0301voji Evropske\u0301 unie v roce 2016 a vyb\u00edr\u00e1m a cituji pas\u00e1\u017ee, kter\u00e9 mne zaujaly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[19,30,32],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6328"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6328"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6328\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6333,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6328\/revisions\/6333"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6328"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6328"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6328"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}