{"id":6466,"date":"2018-10-11T20:29:06","date_gmt":"2018-10-11T20:29:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=6466"},"modified":"2018-10-12T06:38:12","modified_gmt":"2018-10-12T06:38:12","slug":"petr-jesatko-je-poslanim-narodniho-parku-vytezit-drivi-prodat-a-holiny-ponechat-prirode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=6466","title":{"rendered":"Petr Je\u0161\u00e1tko: Je posl\u00e1n\u00edm n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku vyt\u011b\u017eit d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed, prodat a holiny ponechat p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/g><\/svg><\/i>  2,390 total views<\/p>\n

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P\u0159etiskujeme \u010dl\u00e1nek Petra Je\u0161\u00e1tka.<\/p>\n

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V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b Spr\u00e1va NP \u0160umava vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy o v\u00fdsledc\u00edch jejich vlastn\u00edho monitoringu o tom, \u017ee nen\u00ed t\u0159eba rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 holiny s vyt\u011b\u017een\u00fdm a prodan\u00fdm d\u0159\u00edv\u00edm zales\u0148ovat. Monitoring vede dru\u017eka pana \u0159editele, kter\u00fd ji\u017e po sv\u00e9m n\u00e1stupu sd\u011blil v po\u0159adu \u010cT 2 , \u017ee zales\u0148ovat nebude, \u017ee je to zbyte\u010dn\u00e9, \u017ee to stejn\u011b “odejde” Mo\u017eno shl\u00e9dnout jeho n\u00e1zory v tomto po\u0159adu, zde od 11 minuty: \u0160umava p\u0159ed bou\u0159\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee monitoring nen\u00ed pro nikoho z\u00e1vazn\u00fd a \u017ee tedy \u00fadaje v n\u011bm mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u011b upravov\u00e1ny, rozhodl jsem se zve\u0159ejnit vlastn\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla t\u00e9to organizace, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak vych\u00e1zej\u00ed ze Z\u00e1kona \u010d.89 \/1995 Sb., o st\u00e1tn\u00ed statistick\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b<\/a>, kde je povinnost\u00ed organizace poskytnout v\u0161echny po\u017eadovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje pravdiv\u011b. Je to Ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkaz odv\u011btvov\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f v lesnictv\u00ed<\/a>. Tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy a \u010dl\u00e1nky v medi\u00edch, hodnot\u00ed dobu za posledn\u00edch 10 let jinak ne\u017e tato fakta. Od r.2007 bylo v parku vyt\u011b\u017eeno 2 777 396 m3 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed a za n\u011bj v tr\u017eb\u00e1ch z\u00edsk\u00e1no skoro 3 miliardy K\u010d (p\u0159esn\u011b 2 877 979 tis\u00edc K\u010d). Za stejnou dobu bylo “vyrobeno” 2 423 hektar\u016f holin, z nich\u017e bylo d\u0159evo tak\u00e9 odvezeno a prod\u00e1no. Um\u011bl\u00e1 obnova byla provedena celkem na 1 380 ha a p\u0159irozen\u00e1 obnova byla na 1035 ha. Z p\u0159irozen\u00e9 obnovy se smrk objevil na 776 ha (co\u017e je 75 %) jedle na 41 ha (tedy pouze 4 %), buk na 105 ha (tedy pouze 10 %) a zbytek ostatn\u00ed d\u0159eviny. Tedy bez um\u011bl\u00e9 obnovy jedl\u00ed a listn\u00e1\u010di, se naprosto neda\u0159\u00ed p\u0159em\u011bnit v z\u00e1sahov\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, pouze p\u0159irozenou obnovou, smrkov\u00e9 monokultury na lesy sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9, ekologicky stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00e9, odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edmi d\u0159evinami sv\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmu stanovi\u0161ti. Op\u011bt p\u0159eva\u017euje smrkov\u00e1 monokultura se v\u0161emi negativn\u00edmi vlivy.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee jsem byl v NP \u0160umava jako lesn\u00edk, od jeho za\u010d\u00e1tku, a\u017e do odchodu do d\u016fchodu, r\u00e1d bych uvedl minulost:<\/p>\n

P\u0159irozen\u00e1 druhov\u00e1 skladba porost\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed NP \u0160umava v % (Kupka 1999) je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: Smrk 54 % , Jedle 15 %, Buk 27 %, Borovice 1 % , ost. listn\u00e1\u010de 2 %, B\u0159\u00edza 2%. \u0160umava pat\u0159\u00ed do oblasti hercynsk\u00e9, kde hlavn\u00edmi d\u0159evinami jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b smrk, buk, jedle, javor klen<\/a>. Pod\u00edvejme se, tedy jak je to s jejich p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi stanovi\u0161ti v charakteristice lesn\u00edch vegeta\u010dn\u00edch stup\u0148\u016f podle rozlohy: Za\u010dn\u011bme t\u011bmi, ji\u017e od za\u010d\u00e1tku parku bezz\u00e1sahov\u00fdmi: Stupe\u0148 9 – Kle\u010dov\u00fd 1,30 %, Smrkov\u00fd 19,32 %. N\u00e1sleduj\u00ed dosud z\u00e1sahov\u00e9, tedy 7 bukosmrkov\u00fd , kter\u00fd je na rozloze 38,07 %, stupe\u0148 6- smrkobukov\u00fd, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed 39,10 % a posledn\u00ed stupe\u0148 5, jedlobukov\u00fd, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed pouze 0,64 %. Proto\u017ee vlivem lesnick\u00e9ho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed za cca 200 let do\u0161lo k tomu, \u017ee p\u0159i obnov\u011b byla d\u00e1v\u00e1na p\u0159ednost smrku jako d\u0159evin\u011b ekonomick\u00e9, zm\u011bnil se stav na sou\u010dasn\u00fd (Kupka, 1999), tedy naprosto odch\u00fdlen\u00fd od p\u0159irozen\u00e9 skladby, na Smrk 85 %, Jedle 1 %, Bor. 6 %, Buk 6 %. Proto jsme po p\u0159evzet\u00ed les\u016f pod Spr\u00e1vu NP \u0160umava ihned zastavili holose\u010d jako zp\u016fsob obnovy lesa a za\u010dali s jeho p\u0159em\u011bnou na les p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fd, s mo\u017enost\u00ed n\u00e1sledn\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu do bezz\u00e1sahovosti. V prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b \u0161lo o geneticky cennou \u0161umavskou jedli, kde hrozilo a hroz\u00ed ub\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed reproduk\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f v rozsahu n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek let, kterou jsme, zejm\u00e9na podsadbami pod porosty, roz\u0161i\u0159ovali do porost\u016f, kde z minulosti chyb\u011bla. Posledn\u00ed Pl\u00e1n p\u00e9\u010de<\/a> ukl\u00e1dal ro\u010dn\u011b kombinaci p\u0159irozen\u00e9 a um\u011bl\u00e9 obnovy na redukovan\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch v rozsahu 160 – 200 ha! Obdobn\u011b i u buku, kde to bylo 250-300 ha ro\u010dn\u011b, d\u00e1le se prov\u00e1d\u011bla v\u00fdsadba jilmu a dokonce i reintrodukce tisu na biotopy, odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed jeho p\u0159irozen\u00e9mu v\u00fdskytu. V\u00fdsledkem na\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce s p\u0159\u00edrodou, tedy p\u0159irozen\u00e1 obnova a podsadby jedl\u00ed a listn\u00e1\u010di bylo, \u017ee v r. 2010 zastoupen\u00ed et\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch porost\u016f star\u0161\u00edch 80 let bylo okolo 40 %, co\u017e byl za tak kr\u00e1tkou dobu velk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch. Ov\u0161em vy\u017eadovalo to \u0159\u00e1dnou p\u00e9\u010di o vysazen\u00e9 sazenice a tedy i jejich ochranu proti zejm\u00e9na p\u0159emno\u017een\u00e9 jelen\u00ed zv\u011b\u0159i p\u00e1chaj\u00edc\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 \u0161kody na biodiverzit\u011b lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. \u017de n\u00e1\u0161 postup a p\u00e9\u010de o lesn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my byl velice dobr\u00fd, hodnotily i kontroly dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1konnosti na jednotliv\u00fdch lesn\u00edch hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch celc\u00edch, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 \u00dazemn\u00edmi odbory M\u017dP, za \u00fa\u010dasti pracovn\u00edk\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy M\u017dP \u010cR. Dokonce i kontrola Ministerstva financ\u00ed \u010cR v r.2010 konstatovala, \u017ee prost\u0159edky vynakl\u00e1dan\u00e9 na lesn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my, jsou v souladu s po\u017eadavky lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f a z\u00e1kony tohoto st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

V r. 2007 byla dokon\u010dena Anal\u00fdza v\u00fdvoje NP \u0160umava za obdob\u00ed 15 let, kterou zpracovala Univerzita Karlova, P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta. Ta ve sv\u00e9m z\u00e1v\u011bru nejen\u017ee potvrdila spr\u00e1vnost na\u0161eho postupu a doporu\u010dila i nad\u00e1le pokra\u010dovat v:<\/p>\n

– obnov\u011b p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fdch druhov\u00fdch skladeb<\/p>\n

– soustavou p\u00e9\u010di o genofond v\u0161ech p\u016fvodn\u00edch \u0161umavsk\u00fdch d\u0159evin<\/p>\n

– postupn\u011b napravovat naru\u0161en\u00e9 v\u011bkov\u00e9 a prostorov\u00e9 v\u00fdstavby a textury lesa (p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se mal\u00e9mu v\u00fdvojov\u00e9mu cyklu lesa za podm\u00ednek maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed diferenciace struktury)<\/p>\n

– postupn\u011b napravovat naru\u0161en\u00fd p\u016fdn\u00ed re\u017eim biologickou meliorac\u00ed<\/p>\n

– napravit naru\u0161en\u00fd vodn\u00ed re\u017eim<\/p>\n

– postupn\u011b napravit naru\u0161en\u00e9 vazby mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi slo\u017ekami lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f (nap\u0159. lesn\u00ed porost-zv\u011b\u0159-pred\u00e1tor)<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 i tato Anal\u00fdza z\u00e1v\u011brem doporu\u010dila: \u00dazem\u00ed ponechan\u00e9 samovoln\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji, z\u00e1sadn\u011b nevyli\u0161ovat v \u00fazem\u00ed, kde dosud alespo\u0148 nedo\u0161lo k nastartov\u00e1n\u00ed autoregula\u010dn\u00edch proces\u016f. V\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee t\u00edm rozhodn\u011b nemyslela \u00fazem\u00ed, kde d\u0159evo vyt\u011b\u017e\u00edme, odvezeme z lesn\u00edho ekosyst\u00e9mu, prod\u00e1me a rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 holiny ponech\u00e1me Matce p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. Tohle si nedovolil nikdo ani v hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch les\u00edch v Kru\u0161n\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem bych cht\u011bl jen dodat, jak spolu s dal\u0161\u00edmi \u0160umav\u00e1ky vzpom\u00edn\u00e1me na lesy p\u0159ed des\u00edtkami let, kdy po kalamit\u00e1ch st\u00e1li m\u00edstn\u00ed na stran\u011b lesa a p\u0159\u00edrody. Tenkr\u00e1t pom\u00e1hali kalamitu zpracov\u00e1vat a n\u00e1sledn\u011b holiny zales\u0148ovat . Ty lesy po na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci “neode\u0161ly”, ale chod\u00edme tam se sv\u00fdmi vnou\u010daty na houby a proch\u00e1zky a vysv\u011btlujeme jim, co je to \u017eivot v souladu s p\u0159\u00edrodou. Bohu\u017eel, dnes rozhoduj\u00ed jenom pen\u00edze a dostat se k pen\u011bz\u016fm je pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159edn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cokoliv jin\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159\u00edlohy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tabulka – T\u011b\u017eba-holiny – tr\u017eby za d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed<\/p>\n

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Tabulka – Um\u011bl\u00e1 obnova – P\u0159irozen\u00e1 obnova<\/p>\n

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Mapa – Zastoupen\u00ed et\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch porost\u016f v NP \u0160umava dle LHC- Porosty star\u0161\u00ed 80 let\/<\/p>\n

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Petr Je\u0161\u00e1tko st.<\/a>\u00a0(Autor je b\u00fdval\u00fd vrchn\u00ed lesn\u00ed inspektor N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava, nyn\u00ed v d\u016fchodu).<\/p>\n

Star\u0161\u00ed\u00a0po\u0159ad Petra Je\u0161\u00e1tka pro \u010ceskou televizi<\/a>\u00a0Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky Petra Je\u0161\u00e1tka na na\u0161ich str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch jsou\u00a0zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky na Ob\u010dansk\u00e9m monitoringu k t\u00e9matu \u0160umava si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst\u00a0zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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 2,390 total views P\u0159etiskujeme \u010dl\u00e1nek Petra Je\u0161\u00e1tka.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6466"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6466"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6466\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6475,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6466\/revisions\/6475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}