{"id":6892,"date":"2020-11-12T19:08:34","date_gmt":"2020-11-12T19:08:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=6892"},"modified":"2020-12-07T11:21:38","modified_gmt":"2020-12-07T11:21:38","slug":"petr-jesatko-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/?p=6892","title":{"rendered":"Petr Je\u0161\u00e1tko: Les nen\u00ed fabrika na d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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P\u0159etiskuji \u010dl\u00e1nek Petra Je\u0161\u00e1tka.<\/p>\n

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Lesn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my nejsou pouze zdrojem d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed, ale maj\u00ed \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch, daleko d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch funkc\u00ed. To dnes u\u010d\u00ed snad i na z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch. Lesy v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch parc\u00edch nejsou lesy hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a jsou ur\u010deny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k t\u011bm ostatn\u00edm funkc\u00edm, v\u010detn\u011b ochrany p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch proces\u016f. I v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch parc\u00edch byly p\u0159edchoz\u00edm lidsk\u00fdm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm u n\u00e1s siln\u011b poznamenan\u00e9 a vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 les\u016fm p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm. Nejinak tomu bylo i v les\u00edch na \u00fazem\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava. Pod\u00edvejme se trochu do minulosti \u0161umavsk\u00fdch les\u016f:<\/p>\n

Je skute\u010dnost\u00ed, \u017ee d\u00edky “\u017eelezn\u00e9 opon\u011b” zde byly v dob\u011b vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed parku v r. 1991 celkem zachovan\u00e9 lesn\u00ed komplexy i s porosty s pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdm v\u011bkem v\u00edce ne\u017e 150 let, kter\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eily minul\u00e9 kalamity k\u016frovcov\u00e9 i v\u011btrn\u00e9. Lesy byly po stalet\u00ed i \u00famysln\u00fdmi t\u011b\u017ebami oddalov\u00e1ny od les\u016f p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch, tedy na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b \u00fazem\u00ed sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdch, t\u011b\u017ebou zejm\u00e9na buku a jedle. Lid\u00e9 pot\u0159ebovali jejich d\u0159evo pro kov\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, skl\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed atd. Posledn\u00edch 200 let jsou v p\u00e9\u010di lesn\u00edk\u016f, kdy p\u0159i obnov\u011b byla d\u00e1v\u00e1na p\u0159ednost smrku jako d\u0159evin\u011b ekonomick\u00e9 a v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 i pro hospoda\u0159en\u00ed, kdy v\u00fdchova je jednozna\u010dn\u00e1 a obnova \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1. T\u00edm v\u0161ak do\u0161lo k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b ekologick\u00e9 stability les\u016f a zm\u011bn\u011b p\u0159irozen\u00e9 skladby d\u0159evin, neodpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm stanovi\u0161t\u00edm. Smrk v p\u0159irozen\u00e9m zastoupen\u00ed m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 opodstatn\u011bn\u00ed na 51 % lesn\u00edho ekosyst\u00e9mu. V sou\u010dasnosti je to 84 % a v posledn\u00edch letech se jeho zastoupen\u00ed nad\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed se nov\u00e9 smrkov\u00e9 monokultury, op\u011bt ekologicky labiln\u00ed. Zpev\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159eviny jako buk maj\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b na 21 % a v les\u00edch dnes pouze na 6 %. Siln\u011b ohro\u017een\u00e1 jedle podle p\u0159\u00edrody roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 na 13 %, ale v les\u00edch na \u00fazem\u00ed parku pouze 0,92 % !!! P\u0159itom jedn\u00edm z posl\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch park\u016f je tak\u00e9 ochrana genofondu, tedy i \u0161umavsk\u00e9 jedle. V\u00edce o skute\u010dn\u00e9m stavu lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f v n\u00e1rodn\u00edm parku naleznete na\u00a0Velkoplo\u0161n\u00e1 inventarizace les\u016f<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Bohu\u017eel ani z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku nezabr\u00e1nilo n\u011bkter\u00fdm, \u010dasto se st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm veden\u00edm t\u00e9to organizace, “pustit” se \u00famysln\u00fdmi t\u011b\u017ebami do n\u011bkolik stalet\u00ed star\u00fdch porost\u016f a za\u010d\u00edt je “vychov\u00e1vat”, a to dokonce stroji na skl\u00edzen\u00ed d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed – harvestory. N\u00e1sledn\u00e9 v\u011btrn\u00e9 a k\u016frovcov\u00e9 kalamity takto “vychovan\u00e9” porosty p\u0159em\u011bnily na holiny, maxim\u00e1ln\u011b s n\u00e1slednou p\u0159irozenou obnovou smrku, tedy dal\u0161\u00edm smrkov\u00fdm monokultur\u00e1m, ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rozsahu. P\u0159itom horsk\u00e9 smr\u010diny podle p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch stanovi\u0161\u0165 tvo\u0159\u00ed pouze 19 % a stanovi\u0161t\u011b bukosmrkov\u00e1 38 % a stanovi\u0161t\u011b smrkobukov\u00e1 39 % , d\u00e1le jedlobukov\u00e1. Nejhor\u0161\u00ed situace je za posledn\u00edch \u0161est let, zde se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit (viz \u010dl\u00e1nek\u00a0Fakta)<\/a><\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se m\u00edsto Pl\u00e1n\u016f p\u00e9\u010de podle nov\u00e9ho Z\u00e1kona o ochran\u011b p\u0159\u00edrody a krajiny p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed tzv. Z\u00e1sady. Ty jsou daleko obecn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed si vykl\u00e1dat posl\u00e1n\u00ed lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f zejm\u00e9na v z\u00e1sahov\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, co\u017e je v\u011bt\u0161ina \u00fazem\u00ed , naprosto jinak, t\u0159eba jako v sou\u010dasnosti, \u017ee mus\u00ed slou\u017eit k financov\u00e1n\u00ed organizace. Tedy naprost\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta kontinuity Pl\u00e1n\u016f p\u00e9\u010de od vzniku N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava. Na nebezpe\u010d\u00ed upozor\u0148ujeme v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku Z\u00e1sady<\/a><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sady bude schvalovat ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed do konce leto\u0161n\u00edho roku, a je tedy mo\u017enost se k nim vyj\u00e1d\u0159it. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je n\u00e1vrh t\u011bchto Z\u00e1sad na ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava. Dovolujeme si d\u00e1t n\u00e1vrhy na jejich \u00fapravu tak, aby ob\u010dan\u00e9 m\u011bli jistotu, \u017ee si plat\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed park se v\u0161emi jeho funkcemi, a nikoliv jako fabriku na d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed:<\/p>\n

1. Prov\u00e9st inventarizace les\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed parku, v\u010detn\u011b les\u016f v majetku m\u011bst, kter\u00e9 jim byly po r. 2000 navr\u00e1ceny.<\/p>\n

2. Uskute\u010dnit revizi typologick\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed (p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed stanovi\u0161t\u011b), aby odpov\u00eddalo skute\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 diferenciaci lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f, a tak do\u0161lo k pos\u00edlen\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o p\u0159irozenou biodiverzitu.<\/p>\n

3. V r\u00e1mci n\u00e1vratu k p\u0159irozen\u00e9 biodiverzit\u011b zajistit v z\u00e1sahov\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, tedy v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b lesn\u00edch porost\u016f, postupn\u00fd n\u00e1vrat a ochranu genofondu \u0161umavsk\u00e9 jedle, buku s c\u00edlem dosa\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho stavu, a odvr\u00e1tit tak nebezpe\u010d\u00ed ekologicky labiln\u00edch smrkov\u00fdch monokultur.<\/p>\n

4. Postupn\u011b napravovat naru\u0161en\u00fd p\u016fdn\u00ed re\u017eim biologickou meliorac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

5. Napravovat naru\u0161en\u00fd vodn\u00ed re\u017eim v lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9mech.<\/p>\n

6. Napravovat v\u00fdrazn\u011b pozm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9 vazby mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi slo\u017ekami lesn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f (nap\u0159. lesn\u00ed porost – zv\u011b\u0159 – pred\u00e1tor).<\/p>\n

7. Z\u00e1sadn\u011b nevyhla\u0161ovat \u00fazem\u00ed ponechan\u00e9 samovoln\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji v \u00fazem\u00edch, kde nedo\u0161lo alespo\u0148 k nastartov\u00e1n\u00ed autoregula\u010dn\u00edch proces\u016f (vyk\u00e1cen\u00e9 holiny s odvezen\u00fdm d\u0159\u00edv\u00edm nejsou za\u010d\u00e1tkem autoregula\u010dn\u00edho procesu, ale devastac\u00ed lesn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed), porosty s nep\u0159irozenou druhovou skladbou s nedostate\u010dn\u00fdm zastoupen\u00edm jedle a buku atd.<\/p>\n

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Petr Je\u0161\u00e1tko st.<\/a><\/p>\n

Star\u0161\u00ed\u00a0po\u0159ad Petra Je\u0161\u00e1tka pro \u010ceskou televizi<\/a>
\nDal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky Petra Je\u0161\u00e1tka na na\u0161ich str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch jsou\u00a0zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky na Ob\u010dansk\u00e9m monitoringu k t\u00e9matu \u0160umava si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst\u00a0zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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 1,790 total views P\u0159etiskuji \u010dl\u00e1nek Petra Je\u0161\u00e1tka.            <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6892"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6892"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6906,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6892\/revisions\/6906"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/obcanskymonitoring.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}